Repository Analysis

vulkano-rs/vulkano

Safe and rich Rust wrapper around the Vulkan API

4.1 Likely human-written View on GitHub

Analysis Overview

This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of vulkano-rs/vulkano, a Rust project with 5,111 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 276,291 lines of code across 300 source files, recording 1159 pattern matches distributed across 5 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 4.1 places this repository in the Likely human-written band.

The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).

4.1
Adjusted Score
4.1
Raw Score
100%
Time Factor
2026-07-13
Last Push
5.1K
Stars
Rust
Language
276.3K
Lines of Code
300
Files
1.2K
Pattern Hits
2026-07-14
Scan Date
0.00
HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score
Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score
The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor
The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits
Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate
High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files
Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

Longitudinal tracking requires multiple scan runs. Once this repository is re-scanned after new commits land, this chart will visualise how the synthetic code signal evolves over time — enabling you to detect whether AI authorship is growing, stabilising, or being actively corrected by human engineers.

No multi-scan history yet — run the scanner again to build trend data.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 0MEDIUM 23LOW 1136

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 1159 distinct pattern matches across 5 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Over-Commented Block1136 hits · 1056 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs1//! The procedural macro for vulkano's shader system.COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs21//!COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs41//!COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs61//! this:COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs81//! #COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs101//!COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs121//! - `intersection`COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs141//!COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs161//! shaders. The macro checks that the source structs with the same names between different shadersCOMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs181//! ## `lang: "..."`COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs201//!COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/lib.rs221//! chosen crate doesn't have a type that represents a certain linear algebra type (e.g. `mat3`, orCOMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/codegen.rs1481COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/codegen.rs1501 /// layout(input_attachment_index = 0, set = 0, binding = 4) uniform subpassInput inputAttachment;COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/codegen.rs1521 ///COMMENT
LOWvulkano-shaders/src/structs.rs1081 //COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs1// This file is auto-generated by vulkano autogen from vk.xml header version 1.3.281.COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs21 ///- Promoted to Vulkan 1.1COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs41 pub khr_get_physical_device_properties2: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs61 /// - Instance extension [`khr_surface`](InstanceExtensions::khr_surface)COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs81 pub ext_debug_report: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs101 pub ext_layer_settings: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs121 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_FUCHSIA_imagepipe_sCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/instance_extensions.rs141 ///- Deprecated by [`ext_metal_surface`](InstanceExtensions::ext_metal_surface)COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/version.rs1// This file is auto-generated by vulkano autogen from vk.xml header version 1.3.281.COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs1// This file is auto-generated by vulkano autogen from vk.xml header version 1.3.281.COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs21 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_acceleration_stCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs41 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_cooperative_matCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs61 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_deferred_host_oCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs81 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_draw_indirect_cCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs101 ///- Requires:COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs121 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_external_memoryCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs141 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs161 pub khr_image_format_list: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs181 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_load_store_op_nCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs201 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs221 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs241 ///- Requires:COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs261 pub khr_ray_tracing_position_fetch: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs281 pub khr_separate_depth_stencil_layouts: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs301 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs321 pub khr_shader_maximal_reconvergence: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs341 pub khr_shader_subgroup_uniform_control_flow: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs361 pub khr_storage_buffer_storage_class: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs381 pub khr_timeline_semaphore: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs401 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_video_decode_h2COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs421 pub khr_video_encode_h265: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs441 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_KHR_win32_keyed_mutCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs461 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs481 ///- Deprecated by [`khr_buffer_device_address`](DeviceExtensions::khr_buffer_device_address)COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs501 pub ext_conservative_rasterization: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs521 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs541 pub ext_descriptor_indexing: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs561 /// - Instance extension [`ext_display_surface_counter`](InstanceExtensions::ext_display_surface_counter)COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs581 /// - Vulkan API version 1.1 or instance extension [`khr_get_physical_device_properties2`](InstanceExtensions::khr_COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs601 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_EXT_fragment_densitCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs621 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_EXT_global_priorityCOMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs641 pub ext_host_image_copy: bool,COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs661 ///- Requires all of:COMMENT
LOWvulkano/autogen-out/device_extensions.rs681 ///- [Vulkan documentation](https://registry.khronos.org/vulkan/specs/1.3-extensions/man/html/VK_EXT_index_type_uintCOMMENT
1076 more matches not shown…
Decorative Section Separators17 hits · 63 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1891 // ┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1895 // │ └──────┘┌►│ │COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1896 // └──────────────┘ └───┘COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2025 // ┌─────┐COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2027 // ││ A ├┬►│ B ├─►│ C ├┬──────┐COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2029 // │┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2033 // │ └────────────────────┘│COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2034 // └───────────────────────────┘COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1817 // ┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1850 // ┄┄┄┄┄││┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1945 // └────────────────────┘COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1978 // │┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs1982 // └───────────────────────────┘COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2324 // ┄┄┄┄┄││┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2390 // ┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2457 // │ A ├───────┬───────►│ E │COMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano-taskgraph/src/graph/compile.rs2462 // ┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄│┄┄┄┄┄┄COMMENT
Self-Referential Comments3 hits · 9 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMvulkano/src/swapchain/mod.rs23//! ## Creating a surface from a windowCOMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano/src/swapchain/mod.rs130//! ## Creating a swapchainCOMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano/src/descriptor_set/mod.rs29//! ## Creating a descriptor setCOMMENT
AI Slop Vocabulary2 hits · 6 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMvulkano/src/pipeline/layout.rs176 /// - Creating a manual pipeline layout makes your code more robust against changes in theCOMMENT
MEDIUMvulkano/src/pipeline/layout.rs223 /// - Creating a manual pipeline layout makes your code more robust against changes in theCOMMENT
Slop Phrases1 hit · 3 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMexamples/triangle/main.rs691 // As mentioned earlier, the pipeline depends on the subpass, which is only created onceCOMMENT