simonw/sqlite-utils

16.7

Adjusted Score

16.7

Raw Score

100%

Time Factor

2026-08-14

Last Push

2.2K

Stars

Python

Language

28.9K

Lines of Code

Files

595

Pattern Hits

2026-08-29

Scan Date

0.04

HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score: Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score: The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor: The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits: Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate: High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files: Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 3MEDIUM 7LOW 585

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 595 distinct pattern matches across 11 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Hyper-Verbose Identifiers521 hits · 400 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	126	def _column_definition_with_comments(	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	359	def _iter_complete_sql_statements(sql: str) -> Generator[str, None, None]:	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1230	def _ensure_no_open_transaction(self, operation: str) -> None:	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1387	def _resolve_foreign_key_casing(	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4305	def build_insert_queries_and_params(	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/create_table_parser.py	832	def check_references_identifier(expression: str, identifier: str) -> bool:	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	1061	def insert_upsert_implementation(	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	2944	def yield_paths_and_relative_paths():	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3469	def _compatible_migration_set(obj):	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3508	def _stop_before_for_migration_set(stop_before, migration_set_name):	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3779	def _maybe_register_functions(db, functions_list):	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	87	def maximize_csv_field_size_limit() -> None:	CODE
LOW	tests/test_conversions.py	7	def test_insert_all_conversion(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_conversions.py	23	def test_upsert_all_conversion(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_conversions.py	38	def test_table_constructor_conversion(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_default_value.py	41	def test_insert_empty_record_uses_default_values(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_enable_counts.py	7	def test_enable_counts_specific_table(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_enable_counts.py	59	def test_enable_counts_all_tables(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_enable_counts.py	128	def test_uses_counts_after_enable_counts(counts_db_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_utils.py	58	def test_maximize_csv_field_size_limit():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	124	def test_transform_sql_table_with_primary_key(	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	205	def test_transform_sql_table_with_no_primary_key(	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	232	def test_transform_sql_with_no_primary_key_to_primary_key_of_id(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	257	def test_transform_preserves_keyword_literal_defaults(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	301	def test_transform_remove_a_not_null(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	312	def test_transform_add_not_null_with_rename(fresh_db, not_null):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	332	def test_transform_defaults_and_rename_column(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	365	def test_transform_foreign_keys_persist(authors_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	380	def test_transform_foreign_keys_survive_renamed_column(	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	396	def _add_country_city_continent(db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	412	def test_transform_drop_foreign_keys(fresh_db, use_pragma_foreign_keys):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	445	def test_transform_verify_foreign_keys(fresh_db):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	464	def test_transform_on_delete_cascade_does_not_delete_records(	CODE
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	503	def test_transform_in_transaction_refuses_destructive_on_delete(fresh_db, on_delete):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	535	def test_transform_in_transaction_refuses_self_referential_cascade(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	558	def test_transform_in_transaction_allowed_with_no_action_foreign_key(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	585	def test_transform_in_transaction_allowed_for_child_table(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	608	def test_transform_in_transaction_allowed_with_foreign_keys_off(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	630	def test_transform_add_foreign_keys_from_scratch(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	676	def test_transform_add_foreign_keys_from_partial(fresh_db, add_foreign_keys):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	716	def test_transform_replace_foreign_keys(fresh_db, foreign_keys):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	737	def test_transform_preserves_rowids(fresh_db, table_type):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	787	def test_transform_to_strict_with_invalid_data(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	802	def test_transform_strict_updates_default(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	816	def test_transform_to_strict_not_supported(fresh_db, method_name):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	827	def test_transform_preserves_any_column_in_strict_table(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	858	def test_transform_any_column_from_strict_to_non_strict(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	918	def test_transform_retains_indexes_with_foreign_keys(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	946	def test_transform_with_indexes_errors(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	967	def test_transform_rename_column_with_index(fresh_db, table_name, index_name):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	988	def test_transform_recreates_renamed_index_from_metadata(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1018	def test_transform_rename_complex_index_errors(fresh_db, index_sql):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1030	def test_transform_with_unique_constraint_implicit_index(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1049	def test_transform_preserves_composite_unique_constraint(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1076	def test_transform_preserves_column_unique_collation(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1093	def test_transform_drops_entire_composite_unique_constraint(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1110	def test_transform_preserves_autoincrement_and_sequence(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1138	def test_transform_empty_string_to_null_for_numeric_types(	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1158	def test_transform_preserves_view(fresh_db):	STRING
LOW	tests/test_transform.py	1182	def test_transform_variants_preserve_view(fresh_db, transform_params):	STRING
461 more matches not shown…

Deep Nesting27 hits · 24 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	508	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	569	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1290	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1429	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1849	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2643	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2773	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	3256	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	3389	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4255	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4305	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4520	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4673	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	5299	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2933	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/create_table_parser.py	233	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/create_table_parser.py	308	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/create_table_parser.py	322	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	1061	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	2105	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	2263	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	2906	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3742	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	2944	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	140	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	263	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	288	CODE

Cross-Language Confusion3 hits · 12 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
HIGH	sqlite_utils/db.py	1082	# default into a string ('TRUE' instead of 1, 'NULL' instead of null).	STRING
HIGH	sqlite_utils/db.py	5353	# Optimization - if all rows are null, don't run this query	STRING
HIGH	tests/test_extracts.py	71	# Null values should stay null, not be extracted into the lookup table	COMMENT

Self-Referential Comments6 hits · 12 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
MEDIUM	sqlite_utils/db.py	546	# Create an in-memory database:	COMMENT
MEDIUM	sqlite_utils/db.py	2201	# This method is defined on Queryable so it serves views too, which	STRING
MEDIUM	tests/test_transform.py	1032	# Create a table with a UNIQUE constraint on 'name', which creates an implicit index	STRING
MEDIUM	tests/test_cli.py	916	# Create a temporary file with function definitions	STRING
MEDIUM	tests/test_m2m.py	164	# Create a candidate	COMMENT
MEDIUM	docs/conf.py	6	# This file is execfile()d with the current directory set to its	COMMENT

AI Structural Patterns14 hits · 11 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	569	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1429	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	1700	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2285	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2540	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2643	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	2773	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4018	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4604	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4673	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	5031	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	5069	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	5117	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	1061	CODE

Unused Imports11 hits · 11 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	1	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	2	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	2	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	3	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	4	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	4	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/recipes.py	1	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/migrations.py	7	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/migrations.py	7	CODE
LOW	tests/test_register_function.py	2	CODE
LOW	tests/test_register_function.py	3	CODE

Excessive Try-Catch Wrapping5 hits · 4 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	968	except Exception:	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	1148	except Exception as e:	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3320	except Exception as ex: # noqa: BLE001	STRING
MEDIUM	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3317	def wrapped_fn(value):	CODE
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	545	except Exception: # noqa: BLE001, S110	CODE

Redundant / Tautological Comments3 hits · 3 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	4784	# Check if this is list mode or dict mode	STRING
LOW	sqlite_utils/cli.py	3760	# Check if this is a file path	COMMENT
LOW	sqlite_utils/utils.py	539	# Check if code is a direct callable reference	COMMENT

Over-Commented Block3 hits · 3 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	docs/conf.py	1	import inspect	COMMENT
LOW	docs/conf.py	181	#	COMMENT
LOW	.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml	41	# If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.	COMMENT

Modern Structural Boilerplate1 hit · 1 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/__init__.py	6	__all__ = [	CODE

AI Slop Vocabulary1 hit · 0 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	sqlite_utils/db.py	5369	# No need to run the query if it will just return the results in reverse order	STRING

Analysis Overview

What These Metrics Mean

Score History

Severity Breakdown

Directory Score Breakdown

Pattern Findings