Monero: the secure, private, untraceable cryptocurrency
This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of monero-project/monero, a C++ project with 10,805 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 339,898 lines of code across 1076 source files, recording 1779 pattern matches distributed across 13 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 5.2 places this repository in the Low AI signal band.
The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).
This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.
Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.
This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.
The scanner identified 1779 distinct pattern matches across 13 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.
Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | CMakeLists_IOS.txt | 1 | # Portions Copyright (c) 2017-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | cmake/test-protobuf.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | cmake/test-protobuf.cpp | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/hash-target.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/hash-target.cpp | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/benchmark.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2020-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/benchmark.cpp | 21 | // EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/benchmark.cpp | 41 | #include <boost/spirit/include/karma_repeat.hpp> | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/README.md | 161 | ```sh | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/io.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/io.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/cnv4-jit.c | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2019-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/cnv4-jit.c | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/random.c | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/random.c | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/hash.c | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/hash.c | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto.cpp | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-ops-data.c | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-ops-data.c | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/main.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/main.cpp | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-tests.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/crypto/crypto-tests.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/difficulty/difficulty.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/difficulty/difficulty.cpp | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/difficulty/CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/construct_tx.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/construct_tx.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/sc_check.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2018-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/signature.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/signature.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/check_hash.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2019-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/check_hash.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/equality.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/equality.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/cn_fast_hash.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/cn_fast_hash.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/subaddress_expand.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2017-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/subaddress_expand.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/derive_view_tag.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/derive_view_tag.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/generate_key_image_helper.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/generate_key_image_helper.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/zero_commit.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2025, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/zero_commit.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/generate_keypair.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/generate_keypair.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/derive_public_key.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/derive_public_key.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/single_tx_test_base.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/single_tx_test_base.h | 21 | // MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL | COMMENT |
| LOW | tests/performance_tests/check_tx_signature.h | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2014-2024, The Monero Project | COMMENT |
| 1628 more matches not shown… | ||||
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/mining.py | 216 | def measure_cpu_power_get_time(self, cores): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/get_output_distribution.py | 57 | def test_get_output_distribution(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/multisig.py | 203 | def fund_addrs_with_normal_wallet(self, addrs): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/multisig.py | 233 | def remake_some_multisig_wallets_by_multsig_seed(self, threshold): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/speed.py | 80 | def _test_speed_generateblocks(self, daemon, blocks): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/speed.py | 88 | def _test_speed_transfer_split(self, wallet): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/cold_signing.py | 135 | def check_transfers_list_consistency(do_check_key_images): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/cold_signing.py | 246 | def self_transfer_to_subaddress(self, piecemeal_output_export): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/cold_signing.py | 264 | def transfer_after_empty_export_import(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 606 | def check_double_spend_detection(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 877 | def check_multiple_submissions(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 1109 | def check_subtract_fee_from_outputs(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 1114 | def inner_test_external_transfer(dsts, subtract_fee_from_outputs): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 1489 | def check_background_sync_reorg_recovery(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 1550 | def check_subaddress_lookahead(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/validate_address.py | 93 | def check_openalias_addresses(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/blockchain.py | 62 | def _check_blocktemplate_reserved_offset(self, daemon, address, reserve_size): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/http_digest_auth.py | 56 | def test_daemon_login_required(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/http_digest_auth.py | 66 | def test_wallet_login_required(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/k_anonymity.py | 69 | def txid_list_is_sorted_in_template_order(txids): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/k_anonymity.py | 211 | def test_get_txids_loose_success(self, txid, num_matching_bits): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/k_anonymity.py | 247 | def test_get_txids_loose_chain_suite(self): | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/k_anonymity.py | 264 | def test_get_txids_loose_pool_suite(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 20 | def test_init__response_value(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 45 | def test_init__list_value_with_nested_response(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 53 | def test_init__list_value_with_nested_list(self): | CODE |
| LOW⚡ | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 84 | def test_eq__nonnested_matching(self): | CODE |
| LOW⚡ | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 87 | def test_eq__nonnested_size_mismatch(self): | CODE |
| LOW⚡ | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 90 | def test_eq__nonnested_key_mismatch(self): | CODE |
| LOW⚡ | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 93 | def test_eq__nonnested_value_mismatch(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 108 | def test_eq__list_nested_response(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 114 | def test_eq__list_nested_list(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 95 | def __get_auto_int_properties(cls, x): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 141 | def __dispatch_serialize_scalar(self, x, include_type, signed_override = None, byte_size_override = None): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 167 | def __serialize_section_value(self, x): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 273 | def __deserialize_section_key(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 281 | def __deserialize_section_value(self): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/daemon.py | 297 | def get_transaction_pool_hashes(self, client = ""): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/daemon.py | 303 | def get_transaction_pool_stats(self, client = ""): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 302 | def restore_deterministic_wallet(self, seed = '', seed_offset = '', filename = '', restore_height = 0, password = '' | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 546 | def get_multisig_key_exchange_booster(self, multisig_info, threshold, num_signers, password = ''): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 914 | def set_account_tag_description(self, tag, description): | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 1094 | def estimate_tx_size_and_weight(self, n_inputs, n_outputs, ring_size = 0, rct = True): | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | tests/functional_tests/check_missing_rpc_methods.py | 43 | print('Error: %s does not start with /' % name) | CODE |
| MEDIUM | tests/functional_tests/check_missing_rpc_methods.py | 47 | print('Error: %s API method %s does not have a matching function' % (module['name'], name)) | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/cold_signing.py | 120 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 1561 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/functional_tests_rpc.py | 114 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| MEDIUM | tests/functional_tests/functional_tests_rpc.py | 115 | print('Error: ' + str(e)) | CODE |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/wallet.py | 173 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| LOW | tests/libwallet_api_tests/libwallet_api_tests.py | 126 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 41 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| MEDIUM | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 42 | print('Error: ' + str(e)) | CODE |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 61 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | contrib/guix/README.md | 258 | ### Step 1: Authorize the signing keys | COMMENT |
| LOW | contrib/guix/README.md | 311 | ### Step 2: Specify the substitute servers | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 346 | // Step 1: collect initial muls | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 352 | // Step 2: get the inverse of all elems multiplied together | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 360 | // Step 3: get each inverse | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/multisig.py | 361 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/cold_signing.py | 98 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 802 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/transfer.py | 911 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/block_weight/block_weight.py | 40 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 54 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 141 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 181 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/epee_binary.py | 305 | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/functional_tests_rpc.py | 8 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/http_digest_auth.py | 34 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 3 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 5 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/console.py | 80 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/test_rpc.py | 2 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/daemon.py | 32 | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 346 | // Step 1: collect initial muls | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 352 | // Step 2: get the inverse of all elems multiplied together | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | src/crypto/crypto-ops.c | 360 | // Step 3: get each inverse | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 42 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 64 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 175 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 198 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 302 | CODE | |
| LOW | utils/python-rpc/framework/wallet.py | 425 | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | contrib/guix/libexec/build.sh | 17 | # time-machine to a commit which includes the aforementioned change, we can | COMMENT |
| LOW | …to_ops_builder/ref10CommentedCombined/MakeCryptoOps.py | 246 | #we'll just use the old header crypto-ops.h | STRING |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | contrib/guix/libexec/build.sh | 273 | # Create the source tarball if not already there | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | src/wallet/wallet_rpc_server.cpp | 3660 | crypto::secret_key dummy_key; | CODE |
| LOW | src/wallet/wallet_rpc_server.cpp | 3662 | wal->generate(wallet_file, req.password, dummy_key, false, false); | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tests/functional_tests/multisig.py | 443 | # Check if the wallet knows about any spent key images (all signers *should*, non-signers *might*) | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | src/cryptonote_basic/cryptonote_format_utils.cpp | 521 | // and don't forget to add the contribution from the subaddress part | COMMENT |