Repository Analysis

johnkerl/miller

Miller is like awk, sed, cut, join, and sort for name-indexed data such as CSV, TSV, and tabular JSON

3.2 Likely human-written View on GitHub

Analysis Overview

This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of johnkerl/miller, a Go project with 9,945 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 194,132 lines of code across 752 source files, recording 410 pattern matches distributed across 11 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 3.2 places this repository in the Likely human-written band.

The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).

3.2
Adjusted Score
3.2
Raw Score
100%
Time Factor
2026-07-14
Last Push
9.9K
Stars
Go
Language
194.1K
Lines of Code
752
Files
410
Pattern Hits
2026-07-14
Scan Date
0.00
HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score
Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score
The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor
The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits
Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate
High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files
Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 1MEDIUM 104LOW 305

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 410 distinct pattern matches across 11 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Decorative Section Separators102 hits · 287 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb3# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb12# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb14# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb126# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb162# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb172# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb182# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb193# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb208# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMman/mkman.rb219# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh48# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh50# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh61# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh63# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh156# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh158# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh206# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh208# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh326# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh328# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh391# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh393# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh463# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh465# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh496# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh498# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh565# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh567# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh622# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh624# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh692# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh694# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh735# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh737# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh789# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMtools/release.sh791# ============================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py9# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py30# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py65# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py235# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py256# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py293# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py333# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py358# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py396# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py419# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py436# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py460# ----------------------------------------------------------------STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py472# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py606# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py624# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMpython/sketch.py641# ================================================================STRING
MEDIUMdocs/build-epub.sh3# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/build-epub.sh16# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb3# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb6# ================================================================COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb8# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb65# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb113# ----------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMdocs/src/dkvp-examples.md26# ================================================================COMMENT
42 more matches not shown…
Over-Commented Block271 hits · 270 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWregression_test.go21 // verbosityLevel = 3 for all cases is probably too much output to beCOMMENT
LOWman/mkman.rb1#!/usr/bin/env rubyCOMMENT
LOWcmd/experiments/cli_parser/msys2in.sh1/home/kerlj/git/miller/experiments/cli-parser/cliparse.exe '$c=$a."bbb"'COMMENT
LOWcmd/experiments/line_parser/splitter.go1package mainCOMMENT
LOWcmd/experiments/line_parser/splitter.go21// Otherwise, the Scanner advances the input. If the token is not nil, theCOMMENT
LOWtools/release.sh1#!/usr/bin/env bashCOMMENT
LOWtools/release.sh21# docsCOMMENT
LOWpython/sketch.py1#!/usr/bin/pythonCOMMENT
LOWdocs/build-epub.sh1#!/bin/bashCOMMENT
LOWdocs/src/dkvp-examples.md21Here are the I/O routines:COMMENT
LOWdocs/src/dkvp-examples.md41# >>> mapCOMMENT
LOWdocs/src/dkvp-examples.md161#COMMENT
LOWdocs/src/expo-sample.sh1# Generate 100,000 pairs of independent and identically distributedCOMMENT
LOWdocs/src/polyglot-dkvp-io/dkvp_io.rb1#!/usr/bin/env rubyCOMMENT
LOWdocs/src/polyglot-dkvp-io/dkvp_io.py1#!/usr/bin/env pythonCOMMENT
LOWdocs/src/ngrams/ngrams.sh1#!/bin/bashCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/tn.rb1#!/usr/bin/rubyCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go61 // TIME IN SECONDS 0.221 -- cutgo ccode,milex,year,cinc ../c/nmc1.dkvpCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go81 // $ repeat 10 justtime cutgo ccode,milex,year,cinc ../c/nmc1.dkvp > /dev/nullCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go101 if present {COMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go141 // TIME IN SECONDS 3.821 -- cutgo ccode,milex,year,cinc ../c/nmc1.dkvpCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go161 // TIME IN SECONDS 3.539 -- cutgo ccode,milex,year,cinc ../c/nmc1.dkvpCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/cutgo.go181 // TIME IN SECONDS 4.747 -- cutgo ccode,milex,year,cinc ../c/nmc1.dkvpCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutcpp.cpp1// CLI: step (1-6) arg1, comma-separated field names arg2, filenames arg3+.COMMENT
LOW.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml1# For most projects, this workflow file will not need changing; you simply needCOMMENT
LOW.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml41 # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.COMMENT
LOW.github/workflows/codespell.yml41 # WARNING: Trying next encoding "iso-8859-1"COMMENT
LOWdata/generators/abixy.c21// a=pan,b=pan,i=1,x=0.3467901443380824,y=0.7268028627434533COMMENT
LOWdata/generators/randuv-chomped.c1#include <stdio.h>COMMENT
LOWdata/generators/randuv-chomped.c21// oooooooo----------------+COMMENT
LOWpkg/dkvpx/dkvpx_reader.go1// Package dkvpx reads DKVPX records: comma-delimited key=value pairs withCOMMENT
LOWpkg/types/doc.go1// Package types contains the implementation of the Mlrval datatype which isCOMMENT
LOWpkg/auxents/hex.go1package auxentsCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/repl/dsl.go1// This is the handler for taking DSL statements typed in interactively by theCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/repl/session.go1// Top-level handler for a REPL session, including setup/construction, andCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/repl/entry.go1// This is the shell command-line entry point to the Miller REPL command line.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/repl/verbs.go521//COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/completion/completion.go1// Package completion implements shell tab-completion for Miller.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/completion/verbflags.go1// Per-verb flag discovery for shell completion.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/completion/shell_smoke_test.go1//go:build !windowsCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/mcp/mcp_main.go1// Entrypoint for `mlr mcp`: a Model Context Protocol server exposing MillerCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/mcp/mcp_main.go41// serverConfig carries the `mlr mcp` command-line options into the toolCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/regtest/regtester.go1// Logic for executing regression tests via 'mlr regtest'.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/regtest/regtester.go21// in test/input/.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/regtest/regtester.go41// NR=1,a=pan,b=panCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/regtest/regtester.go381 // case.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/registry/registry.go1// Package registry is the single source of truth for the names of Miller'sCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/help/entry_which.go1// mlr which -- intent-to-capability router for AI agents and interactive users.COMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/help/entry.go141 // flag-section named "CSV-only flags", etc. Here we can't key in the namesCOMMENT
LOWpkg/terminals/help/entry_json.go1// Machine-readable (JSON) help, for `mlr help --as-json` and friends.COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go1// ABOUT ARRAY/MAP INDEXINGCOMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go21//COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go41// o No zero index: AWK uses $0 like Miller uses $*, to referCOMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go101 n := int(len(*array))COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go121// -7 -2 falseCOMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go201//COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go221// the array by one.COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_new.go201 }COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrval_new.go241 return &Mlrval{COMMENT
LOWpkg/mlrval/mlrmap_json.go21 buffer.WriteString(s)COMMENT
211 more matches not shown…
Verbosity Indicators12 hits · 20 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp51 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp60 // Step 3: map-to-map transformCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp83 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go65 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go78 // Step 3: map-to-map transform (keep include order for output)COMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go108 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs70 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs85 // Step 3: map-to-map transform (newmap for step 4 lookup; order from include_fields)COMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs113 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go105 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go119 // Step 3: map-to-map transformCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go149 // Step 6: send to writerCOMMENT
Structural Annotation Overuse12 hits · 20 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp51 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp60 // Step 3: map-to-map transformCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutcpp.cpp83 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go65 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go78 // Step 3: map-to-map transform (keep include order for output)COMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutgo.go108 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs70 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs85 // Step 3: map-to-map transform (newmap for step 4 lookup; order from include_fields)COMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/naive/cutrs.rs113 // Step 6: write to stdoutCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go105 // Step 2: line to mapCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go119 // Step 3: map-to-map transformCOMMENT
LOWscripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/optimized/cutgo.go149 // Step 6: send to writerCOMMENT
Fake / Example Data6 hits · 9 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go416// * Help string is "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,COMMENT
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go416// * Help string is "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,COMMENT
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go430// --foo or -f {bar} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscingCOMMENT
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go430// --foo or -f {bar} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscingCOMMENT
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go443// Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscingCOMMENT
LOWpkg/cli/flag_types.go443// Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscingCOMMENT
Synthetic Comment Markers1 hit · 8 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
HIGHpkg/transformers/doc.go2// output records as requested by the user (sort, filter, etc.).COMMENT
AI Slop Vocabulary2 hits · 6 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMpkg/mlrval/mlrval_collections.go696// CollectionFold multiplexes ArrayFold or MapFold. The panic here is not robust, but is done toCOMMENT
MEDIUMpkg/dsl/cst/udf.go291 // Definitely a Miller internal coding error if the user put 'return x' inCOMMENT
Deep Nesting1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWpython/sketch.py66CODE
Hyper-Verbose Identifiers1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWdocs/src/mk-func-info.rb55def name_to_display_name_and_link_name(name)CODE
Unused Imports1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOW…ripts/perf/multilanguage-timings/original/mand/mand.py3CODE
Example Usage Blocks1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtools/release.sh5# Usage:COMMENT