Repository Analysis

gunthercox/ChatterBot

ChatterBot is a machine learning, conversational dialog engine for creating chat bots

26.1 Moderate AI signal View on GitHub

Analysis Overview

This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of gunthercox/ChatterBot, a Python project with 14,508 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 30,837 lines of code across 162 source files, recording 503 pattern matches distributed across 14 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 26.1 places this repository in the Moderate AI signal band.

The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).

26.1
Adjusted Score
26.1
Raw Score
100%
Time Factor
2026-08-25
Last Push
14.5K
Stars
Python
Language
30.8K
Lines of Code
162
Files
503
Pattern Hits
2026-08-29
Scan Date
0.30
HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score
Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score
The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor
The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits
Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate
High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files
Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

Longitudinal tracking requires multiple scan runs. Once this repository is re-scanned after new commits land, this chart will visualise how the synthetic code signal evolves over time — enabling you to detect whether AI authorship is growing, stabilising, or being actively corrected by human engineers.

No multi-scan history yet — run the scanner again to build trend data.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 1HIGH 48MEDIUM 25LOW 429

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 503 distinct pattern matches across 14 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Hyper-Verbose Identifiers352 hits · 398 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/test_parsing.py18 def test_captured_pattern_is_on_date(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py25 def test_captured_pattern_this_weekday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py35 def test_captured_pattern_last_weekday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py45 def test_captured_pattern_next_weekday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py55 def test_captured_pattern_minutes_from_now(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py67 def test_captured_pattern_days_later(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py77 def test_captured_pattern_year(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py84 def test_captured_pattern_today(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py91 def test_captured_pattern_tomorrow(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py101 def test_captured_pattern_yesterday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py111 def test_captured_pattern_before_yesterday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py121 def test_captured_pattern_before_today(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py131 def test_captured_pattern_before_tomorrow(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py165 def test_captured_pattern_first_quarter_of_year(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py173 def test_captured_pattern_last_quarter_of_year(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py181 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_three_weeks(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py191 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_x_weeks_case_insensitive(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py201 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_eight_days(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py211 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_x_days_case_insensitive(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py221 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_ten_years(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py231 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_x_years_case_insensitive(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py241 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_eleven_months(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py377 def test_this_week_day_before_day(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py384 def test_this_week_day_after_day(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py391 def test_today_at_time_uses_base_date(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py150 def test_captured_pattern_two_days(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py256 def test_captured_pattern_is_next_x_months_case_insensitive(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py271 def test_captured_pattern_is_on_day(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py293 def test_captured_pattern_has_am(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py325 def test_captured_pattern_has_pm(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py465 def test_multiple_datetime_expressions(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py485 def test_duration_from_yesterday(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py499 def test_duration_from_tomorrow(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_parsing.py527 def test_noon_without_convention(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_adapter_validation.py8 def test_invalid_storage_adapter(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_adapter_validation.py14 def test_valid_storage_adapter(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_adapter_validation.py22 def test_invalid_logic_adapter(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_adapter_validation.py36 def test_valid_adapter_dictionary(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_adapter_validation.py46 def test_invalid_adapter_dictionary(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py44def get_chatterbot_corpus_trainer(chatbot):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py51def get_ubuntu_corpus_trainer(chatbot):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py60 def assert_response_duration_is_less_than(self, maximum_duration, strict=False):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py96 def test_levenshtein_distance_comparisons(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py111 def test_spacy_similarity_comparisons(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py126 def test_get_response_after_chatterbot_corpus_training(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py136 def test_get_response_after_ubuntu_corpus_training(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py156 def test_levenshtein_distance_comparisons(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py171 def test_spacy_similarity_comparisons(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py186 def test_get_response_after_chatterbot_corpus_training(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_benchmarks.py196 def test_get_response_after_ubuntu_corpus_training(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py22 def test_search_cast_to_list_no_results(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py33 def test_search_additional_parameters(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py66 def test_get_closest_statement(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py85 def test_different_punctuation(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py113 def test_get_closest_statement(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py134 def test_confidence_exact_match(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py143 def test_confidence_half_match(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py184 def test_get_closest_statement(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py203 def test_different_punctuation(self):CODE
LOWtests/test_search.py231 def test_get_closest_statement(self):CODE
292 more matches not shown…
Cross-File Repetition46 hits · 230 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0instantiate the adapter before any tests in the test case run.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0instantiate the adapter before any tests in the test case run.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0instantiate the adapter before any tests in the test case run.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 0 when nothing has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 0 when nothing has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 0 when nothing has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 0 when nothing has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 1 when one item has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 1 when one item has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 1 when one item has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0the count method should return a value of 1 when one item has been saved to the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0test that a matching statement is returned when it exists in the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0test that a matching statement is returned when it exists in the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0test that a matching statement is returned when it exists in the database.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0test that a matching statement is returned when it exists in the database.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0if no parameters are passed to the filter, then all statements should be returned.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0if no parameters are passed to the filter, then all statements should be returned.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0if no parameters are passed to the filter, then all statements should be returned.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0if no parameters are passed to the filter, then all statements should be returned.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0tests for the create function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0tests for the create function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0tests for the create function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0tests for the create function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0the storage adapter should not update a statement with tags that are duplicates.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0the storage adapter should not update a statement with tags that are duplicates.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0the storage adapter should not update a statement with tags that are duplicates.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0the storage adapter should not update a statement with tags that are duplicates.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_redis_adapter.py0tests for the update function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0tests for the update function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0tests for the update function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0tests for the update function of the storage adapter.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_mongo_adapter.py0test that none is returned by the find method when a matching statement is not found.STRING
HIGHtests/storage/test_sql_adapter.py0test that none is returned by the find method when a matching statement is not found.STRING
HIGHtests/django_integration/test_django_adapter.py0test that none is returned by the find method when a matching statement is not found.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py0removes the statement that matches the input text. removes any responses from statements if the response text matches thSTRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/redis.py0removes the statement that matches the input text. removes any responses from statements if the response text matches thSTRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/storage_adapter.py0removes the statement that matches the input text. removes any responses from statements if the response text matches thSTRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/django_storage.py0removes the statement that matches the input text. removes any responses from statements if the response text matches thSTRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py0creates a new statement matching the keyword arguments specified. returns the created statement.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/mongodb.py0creates a new statement matching the keyword arguments specified. returns the created statement.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/redis.py0creates a new statement matching the keyword arguments specified. returns the created statement.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/storage_adapter.py0creates a new statement matching the keyword arguments specified. returns the created statement.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/django_storage.py0creates a new statement matching the keyword arguments specified. returns the created statement.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py0modifies an entry in the database. creates an entry if one does not exist.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/redis.py0modifies an entry in the database. creates an entry if one does not exist.STRING
HIGHchatterbot/storage/storage_adapter.py0modifies an entry in the database. creates an entry if one does not exist.STRING
Self-Referential Comments22 hits · 67 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMtests/test_corpus.py147 # Create a file for testingCOMMENT
MEDIUMtests/django_integration/test_secondary_database.py16 # Create a chatbot that explicitly uses the 'default' databaseCOMMENT
MEDIUMtests/django_integration/test_secondary_database.py46 # Create a statementCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/openai_example.py18# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/specific_response_example.py4# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/ollama_example.py17# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/memory_sql_example.py7# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/basic_example.py4# Create a new chat bot named CharlieCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/default_response_example.py5# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/terminal_example.py12# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/learning_feedback_example.py14# Create a new instance of a ChatBotCOMMENT
MEDIUMexamples/terminal_mongo_example.py7# Create a new ChatBot instanceCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/trainers.py600 # Create the data directory if it does not already existCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/tagging.py67 # Create a new empty spacy nlp objectCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/logic/unit_conversion.py203 # Create a statement and process itSTRING
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py34 # Create a file database if the database is not a connection stringCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py302 # Create the tag if it doesn't existCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py359 # Create the tag if it does not existCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py393 # Create a new statement entry if one does not already existCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py418 # Create the recordCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/mongodb.py66 # Create a storage-aware statementCOMMENT
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/redis.py593 # Create a Document-like object to use with model_to_objectCOMMENT
Unused Imports27 hits · 27 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/test_examples.py11CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py14CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py17CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py32CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py35CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py38CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py41CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py64CODE
LOWtests/test_examples.py67CODE
LOWchatterbot/vectorstores.py4CODE
LOWchatterbot/__init__.py4CODE
LOWchatterbot/tagging.py63CODE
LOWchatterbot/tagging.py122CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py1CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py2CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py3CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py4CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py5CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py6CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py7CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py7CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/__init__.py7CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/__init__.py1CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/__init__.py2CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/__init__.py3CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/__init__.py4CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/__init__.py5CODE
Redundant / Tautological Comments15 hits · 22 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/django_integration/__init__.py11# Check if Django is availableCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/parsing.py671 # Check if query is `2 days before yesterday` or `day before yesterday`STRING
LOWchatterbot/conversation.py97 # Set timezone to UTC if no timezone was providedCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/chatterbot.py86 # Check if storage adapter has a preferred taggerCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/chatterbot.py132 # Check if storage adapter has a preferred search algorithmCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py115 # Check if adapter supports tool functionalityCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py512 # Check if model matches any known patternCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py639 # Check if LLM wants to use a toolCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py834 # Check if LLM wants to use a toolCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/logic_adapter.py125 # Set confidence to zero because a random response is selectedCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/time_adapter.py58 # Check if the input statement contains a time-related questionCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py62 # Set isolation_level to None to execute outside transactionCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py92 # Check if the expected index exists on the text field of the statement tableCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py103 # Check if the expected index exists on the in_response_to field of the statement tableCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/storage/sql_storage.py330 # Check if any statements already have a search textCOMMENT
Excessive Try-Catch Wrapping15 hits · 14 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/django_integration/__init__.py26 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/vectorstores.py60 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/ext/django_chatterbot/abstract_models.py141 except Exception:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py168 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py276 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py542 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py583 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py607 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py689 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py780 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py804 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py883 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/mathematical_evaluation.py118 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/unit_conversion.py162 except Exception as e:STRING
LOWchatterbot/logic/unit_conversion.py212 except Exception as e:STRING
Hallucination Indicators1 hit · 10 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
CRITICAL…ples/django_example/django_example/static/js/jquery.js4232jQuery.each( jQuery.expr.match.bool.source.match( /\w+/g ), function( i, name ) {CODE
Docstring Block Structure2 hits · 10 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
HIGHchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py241 Execute a tool by its name with the given parameters. Args: tool_name: Name of the tool toSTRING
HIGHchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py418 Process the input statement using the LLM. Args: statement: The input statement to processSTRING
Deep Nesting10 hits · 10 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWchatterbot/parsing.py587CODE
LOWchatterbot/parsing.py665CODE
LOWchatterbot/chatterbot.py55CODE
LOWchatterbot/chatterbot.py271CODE
LOWchatterbot/trainers.py160CODE
LOWchatterbot/trainers.py294CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py611CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/unit_conversion.py146CODE
LOWchatterbot/logic/mcp_tools.py100CODE
LOWchatterbot/storage/redis.py101CODE
Over-Commented Block8 hits · 8 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWdocs/conf.py121# the docs. This file should be a Windows icon file (.ico) being 16x16 or 32x32COMMENT
LOW…ples/django_example/django_example/static/js/jquery.js941 // Regular expressionsCOMMENT
LOW…ples/django_example/django_example/static/js/jquery.js3401 get: function( owner, key ) {COMMENT
LOW…ples/django_example/django_example/static/js/jquery.js8801jQuery.fn.andSelf = jQuery.fn.addBack;COMMENT
LOW.github/workflows/python-package.yml61 # --------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
LOWchatterbot/trainers.py701 extract_kwargs = {}COMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/best_match.py41 breakCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/storage/redis.py401 sort_by=orderingCOMMENT
AI Slop Vocabulary2 hits · 4 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUM…ples/django_example/django_example/static/js/jquery.js8813 // understands anonymous AMD modules. A named AMD is safest and most robustCOMMENT
LOWchatterbot/logic/llm_adapters.py428 # If no tools are configured, just call LLM directlyCOMMENT
Decorative Section Separators1 hit · 3 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUM.github/workflows/python-package.yml61 # --------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
Modern AI Meta-Vocabulary1 hit · 3 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMchatterbot/storage/redis.py139 # Configure embedding modelCOMMENT
Fake / Example Data1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/django_integration/test_settings.py11SECRET_KEY = 'fake-key'CODE