A cross-platform, safe, pure-Rust graphics API.
This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of gfx-rs/wgpu, a Rust project with 17,575 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 385,119 lines of code across 1108 source files, recording 2090 pattern matches distributed across 8 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 5.4 places this repository in the Low AI signal band.
The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).
This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.
Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.
This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.
The scanner identified 2090 distinct pattern matches across 8 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.
Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml | 41 | 'cfg(windows_angle)', | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml | 61 | # to these features, it enables features of platform specific crates. For example, the `vulkan` feature in wgpu-core | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1 | //! A cross-platform unsafe graphics abstraction. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 21 | //! graphics system. If you need safety, the [`wgpu-core`] crate provides a | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 41 | //! unlike `wgpu-core`, which refers to objects by ID. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 61 | //! do any mutating work. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 81 | //! Vulkan bindings. It's also available on macOS, if you install [MoltenVK]. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 101 | //! | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 121 | //! available on the system. For example, [`vulkan::Api::Instance::init`][Ii] | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 141 | //! - [`Api::Surface`] implements the [`Surface`] trait, which represents a | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 161 | //! applications, like web browsers, where the API is available to untrusted | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 181 | //! A desire for "defense in depth" may suggest performing additional validation | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 201 | //! functionality, which is only available in `wgpu-core`. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 241 | extern crate alloc; | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 541 | #[error("Other reason: {0}")] | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 621 | type QuerySet: DynQuerySet; | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 681 | /// - All [`AcquiredSurfaceTexture`]s must have been destroyed. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 701 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 721 | /// by passing the [`SurfaceTexture`] and `self` to [`Queue::present`]. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 741 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 761 | COMMENT | |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 821 | /// Creates a [`PresentationTimestamp`] using the adapter's WSI. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 841 | /// used for creating resources. Each `Device` has an associated [`Queue`] used | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 861 | /// [`Device::create_texture`] or [`Device::create_shader_module`]. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 881 | /// [`vulkan::Adapter::device_from_raw`]: vulkan/struct.Adapter.html#method.device_from_raw | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 901 | pub trait Device: WasmNotSendSync { | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 921 | unsafe fn destroy_buffer(&self, buffer: <Self::A as Api>::Buffer); | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 941 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 961 | /// covering that byte that occurs between those two accesses. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 981 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1141 | /// operation you have already presented to the device is going to store in | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1161 | timeout: Option<core::time::Duration>, | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1221 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1241 | /// not synchronized to occur in a particular order, they must pass distinct | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1261 | /// ([`Texture`][t]s, [`BindGroup`][bg]s, [`RenderPipeline`][rp]s, and so | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1281 | /// [cb]: Api::CommandBuffer | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1301 | /// [`Surface::acquire_texture`] and not yet presented or discarded. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1321 | surface: &<Self::A as Api>::Surface, | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1341 | /// `CommandEncoder` that created them. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1361 | /// - Call `discard_encoding` on a recording `CommandEncoder` to drop | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1381 | /// It is the user's responsibility to meet this requirements. This | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1401 | /// This puts this `CommandEncoder` in the "closed" state. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1421 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1521 | src: &<Self::A as Api>::AccelerationStructure, | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1541 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1601 | &mut self, | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1621 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1741 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1761 | /// [`end_render_pass`]: CommandEncoder::end_render_pass | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1781 | COMMENT | |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 1801 | /// by a call to [`end_render_pass`]. | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2061 | /// region][ar] of a [`Uniform`] buffer, the size of the accessible region | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2121 | #[derive(Debug, Clone)] | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2141 | COMMENT | |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2281 | pub bind_group_layouts: &'a [Option<&'a B>], | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2301 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2321 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2341 | #[derive(Debug)] | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2401 | } | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/lib.rs | 2721 | } | COMMENT |
| 1982 more matches not shown… | ||||
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | naga/src/front/wgsl/parse/lexer.rs | 1226 | /// D(𝐡) = ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | naga/src/front/wgsl/parse/lexer.rs | 1231 | Token::DocComment("/// D(𝐡) = ───────────────────────────────────────────────────"), | CODE |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 49 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 109 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 126 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 138 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 152 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 47 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 57 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 64 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 70 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 89 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 101 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 118 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 128 | # -------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRITICAL | wgpu-hal/src/metal/command.rs | 1341 | while self.state.stage_infos.ms.work_group_memory_sizes.len() | CODE |
| CRITICAL | wgpu-hal/src/metal/command.rs | 1344 | self.state.stage_infos.ms.work_group_memory_sizes.push(0); | CODE |
| CRITICAL | wgpu-core/src/command/render.rs | 3364 | if state.pass.base.device.indirect_validation.is_some() | CODE |
| CRITICAL | wgpu-core/src/command/render.rs | 3620 | let bundle = state.pass.base.tracker.bundles.insert_single(bundle); | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW⚡ | wgpu-hal/src/dx12/device_creation.rs | 72 | // Step 1: Get ID3D12SDKConfiguration1 via D3D12GetInterface | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | wgpu-hal/src/dx12/device_creation.rs | 77 | // Step 2: Create device factory with the specified SDK version and path | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 10 | ## Step 0: Divide Into Manageable Chunks | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 24 | ## Step 1: Get Overall Statistics | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 34 | ## Step 2: Identify Test Subcategories | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 42 | ## Step 3: Run Each Subcategory | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 56 | ## Step 4: Analyze Failure Patterns | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 69 | ## Step 5: Examine Specific Failures | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 84 | ## Step 6: Check CTS Test Source | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 99 | ## Step 7: Categorize Issues | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 126 | ## Step 8: Identify Root Causes | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 152 | ## Step 9: Implement Fixes | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 163 | ## Step 10: Document Findings | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 217 | ## Step 11: Update test.lst | COMMENT |
| LOW | .claude/skills/cts-triage/SKILL.md | 233 | ## Step 12: Verify and Build | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | wgpu-hal/Cargo.toml | 51 | # The interaction of features between wgpu-core and wgpu-hal is a bit nuanced to get | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu-hal/src/auxil/dyn_lib.rs | 25 | _ => crate::DeviceError::Unexpected, // could be unreachable!() but we prefer to be more robust | CODE |
| MEDIUM | naga/src/proc/index.rs | 79 | /// Some graphics hardware provides "robust buffer access", a feature that | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | naga/src/proc/overloads/mod.rs | 165 | /// Essentially, if any one of the arguments is not a constant expression, | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu/Cargo.toml | 139 | #! The following features facilitate integration with third-party supporting libraries. | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | wgpu-core/Cargo.toml | 119 | #! The following features facilitate integration with third-party supporting libraries. | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | wgpu-core/src/pipeline_cache.rs | 169 | /// We assume that your cache storage system will be relatively robust, and so | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW⚡ | wgpu-hal/src/dx12/device_creation.rs | 72 | // Step 1: Get ID3D12SDKConfiguration1 via D3D12GetInterface | COMMENT |
| LOW⚡ | wgpu-hal/src/dx12/device_creation.rs | 77 | // Step 2: Create device factory with the specified SDK version and path | COMMENT |
| LOW | wgpu-hal/src/vulkan/sampler.rs | 122 | // We need to check if we can create more samplers. | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | naga/src/proc/constant_evaluator.rs | 453 | /// Example usage: | COMMENT |
| LOW | naga/src/front/glsl/mod.rs | 143 | /// # Example usage | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | cts_runner/src/bootstrap.js | 295 | function DOMExceptionOperationError(msg) { | CODE |
| LOW | cts_runner/src/bootstrap.js | 307 | function DOMExceptionInvalidCharacterError(msg) { | CODE |