Repository Analysis

cloudius-systems/osv

OSv, a new operating system for the cloud.

3.3 Likely human-written View on GitHub

Analysis Overview

This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of cloudius-systems/osv, a C project with 4,255 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 327,472 lines of code across 1340 source files, recording 1054 pattern matches distributed across 14 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 3.3 places this repository in the Likely human-written band.

The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).

3.3
Adjusted Score
3.3
Raw Score
100%
Time Factor
2026-07-14
Last Push
4.3K
Stars
C
Language
327.5K
Lines of Code
1.3K
Files
1.1K
Pattern Hits
2026-07-14
Scan Date
0.00
HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score
Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score
The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor
The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits
Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate
High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files
Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

Longitudinal tracking requires multiple scan runs. Once this repository is re-scanned after new commits land, this chart will visualise how the synthetic code signal evolves over time — enabling you to detect whether AI authorship is growing, stabilising, or being actively corrected by human engineers.

No multi-scan history yet — run the scanner again to build trend data.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 1MEDIUM 14LOW 1039

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 1054 distinct pattern matches across 14 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Over-Commented Block898 hits · 881 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWlibc/syscall_to_function.h1#include <bits/syscall.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/syscall_to_function.h21#define __OSV_TO_FUNCTION_SYS_unlinkat unlinkatCOMMENT
LOWlibc/random.c1/*COMMENT
LOWlibc/include/sys/random.h21#endifCOMMENT
LOWlibc/network/__socket.h1#include <sys/socket.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/network/__netlink.h1#include <sys/socket.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/network/getaddrinfo.c1#include <stdlib.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/network/getnameinfo.c1#include <osv/debug.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/internal/lock.h1#include <osv/mutex.h>COMMENT
LOWlibc/internal/libc.h1#ifndef LIBC_HCOMMENT
LOWlibc/internal/libc.h41extern char **__environ;COMMENT
LOWlibc/stdio/stdio_impl.h1#ifndef _STDIO_IMPL_HCOMMENT
LOWlibc/stdio/vfprintf.c1#include "stdio_impl.h"COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h21COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h41COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h61#undef SIOCSIFHWBROADCASTCOMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h81COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h101#define SIOCSIFGENERIC _IOW('i', 57, struct bsd_ifreq) /* generic IF set op */COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/ioctl.h121COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/export.h1/*COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/export.h21// we automatically self-document the code and in future could auto-generate someCOMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/export.h41COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/vnode.h201#define VOP_FSYNC(VP, FP) ((VP)->v_op->vop_fsync)(VP, FP)COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/bio.h41#include <sys/cdefs.h>COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/file.h41COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/condvar.h1/*COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/condvar.h21// counter in the waker, and decide exactly who to wake.COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/condvar.h241COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/io_uring.h101 IORING_OP_LAST, /* 65 - not a real op, used as sentinel */COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/io_uring.h121#define IORING_SETUP_SUBMIT_ALL (1U << 7) /* continue submit on error */COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/io_uring.h141#define IORING_FEAT_CUR_PERSONALITY (1U << 4)COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/io_uring.h161#define IORING_ENTER_GETEVENTS (1U << 0)COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/io_uring.h181#define IORING_POLL_UPDATE_EVENTS (1U << 1)COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/vnode_attr.h21#define AT_SIZE 0x00080COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/mutex.h61static inline bool mutex_trylock(mutex_t *m) { return lockfree_mutex_try_lock(m); }COMMENT
LOWinclude/osv/mutex.h121#define CONCATENATE(x, y) CONCATENATE2(x, y)COMMENT
LOWinclude/glibc-compat/sys/cdefs.h1/*COMMENT
LOWinclude/glibc-compat/sys/cdefs.h21#define __always_inline __attribute__((always_inline))COMMENT
LOWinclude/glibc-compat/linux/version.h1#define LINUX_VERSION_CODE 198400COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/stdlib.h181#if defined(_GNU_SOURCE) || defined(_BSD_SOURCE)COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/endian.h1#ifndef _ENDIAN_HCOMMENT
LOWinclude/api/endian.h41#define htobe16(x) __bswap16(x)COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/endian.h61#define be16toh(x) (uint16_t)(x)COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h1#ifndef _UNISTD_HCOMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h201#define off64_t off_tCOMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h221#define _POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS _POSIX_VERSIONCOMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h241#define _POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO _POSIX_VERSIONCOMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h261#define _PC_PRIO_IO 11COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h281#define _SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS 9COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h301#define _SC_VERSION 29COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h321#define _SC_2_C_DEV 48COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h341#define _SC_THREADS 67COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h361#define _SC_ATEXIT_MAX 87COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h381#define _SC_WORD_BIT 107COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h401#define _SC_XBS5_LP64_OFF64 127COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h421#define _SC_FILE_LOCKING 147COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h441#define _SC_USER_GROUPS_R 167COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h461#define _SC_RAW_SOCKETS 236COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h481#define _CS_POSIX_V5_WIDTH_RESTRICTED_ENVS 4COMMENT
LOWinclude/api/unistd.h501#define _CS_POSIX_V7_ILP32_OFF32_LDFLAGS 1133COMMENT
838 more matches not shown…
Unused Imports39 hits · 39 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWimages/default.py1CODE
LOWscripts/list_manifest_files.py3CODE
LOWscripts/github_releases_util.py10CODE
LOWscripts/github_releases_util.py13CODE
LOWscripts/ec2-make-ami.py3CODE
LOWscripts/download_aarch64_packages.py3CODE
LOWscripts/silentant.py10CODE
LOWscripts/test.py4CODE
LOWscripts/test.py13CODE
LOWscripts/mkbootfs.py4CODE
LOWscripts/top.py15CODE
LOWscripts/manifest_common.py3CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py24CODE
LOWscripts/gen-rofs-img.py46CODE
LOWscripts/gen-rofs-img.py47CODE
LOWscripts/gen-rofs-img.py48CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_http_app.py2CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_http_app.py5CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_net.py1CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_tracing.py1CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_app_with_test_script.py2CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_app.py2CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_app.py5CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-jvm-plugin/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/nfs-tests/test.py6CODE
LOWmodules/nfs-tests/module.py3CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-jolokia-plugin/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-jolokia-plugin/module.py4CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-html5-gui/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/cli/module.py1CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-monitoring-api/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/monitoring-agent/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/monitoring-agent/module.py4CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/module.py2CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/monitoring-api/testfile.py2CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/monitoring-api/testfile.py5CODE
LOW…les/httpserver-api/tests/monitoring-api/testnetwork.py2CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/api/testnetwork.py2CODE
LOWmodules/cloud-init/module.py2CODE
Deep Nesting37 hits · 37 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/trace.py421CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py468CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py565CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py601CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py627CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py72CODE
LOWscripts/run.py116CODE
LOWscripts/run.py345CODE
LOWscripts/run.py440CODE
LOWscripts/list_manifest_files.py6CODE
LOWscripts/github_releases_util.py136CODE
LOWscripts/github_releases_util.py153CODE
LOWscripts/export_manifest.py9CODE
LOWscripts/mkbootfs.py7CODE
LOWscripts/memory_analyzer.py37CODE
LOWscripts/memory_analyzer.py143CODE
LOWscripts/manifest_common.py11CODE
LOWscripts/manifest_common.py29CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py1371CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py704CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py1077CODE
LOWscripts/upload_manifest.py18CODE
LOWscripts/gen-rofs-img.py299CODE
LOWscripts/module.py60CODE
LOWscripts/module.py70CODE
LOWscripts/module.py136CODE
LOWscripts/module.py242CODE
LOWscripts/osv/prof.py276CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py36CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py87CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py101CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py128CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/filemap.py75CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_http_app.py21CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/json2code.py175CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/json2code.py232CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/json2code.py260CODE
Decorative Section Separators8 hits · 30 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMscripts/zfs-image-on-host.sh146# -------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/zfs-image-on-host.sh148# ------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/zfs-image-on-host.sh158# -------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/zfs-image-on-host.sh160# -------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/manifest_from_host.sh3#---------------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/manifest_from_host.sh9#---------------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/extract_symbols.sh3#---------------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/extract_symbols.sh18#---------------------------------------------------------------------COMMENT
Hyper-Verbose Identifiers28 hits · 29 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/trace.py57def add_symbol_resolution_options(parser):CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py415def is_input_net_packet_sample(sample):CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py418def is_output_net_packet_sample(sample):CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py456def get_timed_traces_per_function(timed_traces):CODE
LOWscripts/trace.py670def add_trace_listing_options(parser):CODE
LOWscripts/run.py44def find_qemu_tap_guest_ip_address(qemu_tap_ip_address):CODE
LOWscripts/tester.py103def template_compare_filename(item1, item2):CODE
LOWscripts/tester.py153def extract_config_params_from_args(args):CODE
LOWscripts/firecracker.py235def start_firecracker_with_no_api(firecracker_path, firecracker_config_json):CODE
LOWscripts/test-ruby.py46def run_tests_in_single_instance():CODE
LOWscripts/download_aarch64_packages.py75def ubuntu_identify_boost_version(codename, index):CODE
LOWscripts/test.py111def run_tests_in_single_instance():CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py807def get_template_arg_with_prefix(gdb_type, prefix):CODE
LOWscripts/loader.py1357def save_backtrace_symbols_to_file(filename):CODE
LOWscripts/gen-rofs-img.py306 def populate_with_directory_path(path,directory):CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py121def require_if_other_module_present(module_name,other_module_name):CODE
LOWscripts/osv/modules/resolve.py128def resolve_required_modules_if_other_is_present():CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_net.py13def tcp_close_without_reading(hypervisor, host_name):CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_net.py36def tcp_close_without_reading_on_qemu():CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_net.py40def tcp_close_without_reading_on_fc():CODE
LOWscripts/tests/testing.py300def run_command_in_guest_on_qemu_with_tap(command, py_args, qemu_tap):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/basetest.py35 def get_json_api_from_directory(cls, directory, name):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/ssl/test_connection.py10 def test_client_connection_is_accepted_when_cert_and_key_is_passed(self):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/ssl/test_connection.py17 def test_client_connection_is_rejected_when_no_client_certificate_is_passed(self):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/monitoring-api/testfile.py26 def test_list_astrik_file_cmd(self):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/api/testfile.py26 def test_list_astrik_file_cmd(self):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/api/testtrace.py32 def test_get_single_eventinfo(self):CODE
LOWmodules/httpserver-api/tests/api/testtrace.py38 def test_set_single_eventinfo(self):CODE
Fake / Example Data14 hits · 20 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1497 zprop_list_t fake_name = { 0 };CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1693 fake_name.pl_prop = ZFS_PROP_NAME;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1694 fake_name.pl_width = strlen(gettext("NAME"));CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1695 fake_name.pl_next = cb.cb_proplist;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1696 cb.cb_proplist = &fake_name;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1705 if (cb.cb_proplist == &fake_name)CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zfs/zfs_main.c1706 zprop_free_list(fake_name.pl_next);CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5124 zprop_list_t fake_name = { 0 };CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5146 fake_name.pl_prop = ZPOOL_PROP_NAME;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5147 fake_name.pl_width = strlen(gettext("NAME"));CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5148 fake_name.pl_next = cb.cb_proplist;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5149 cb.cb_proplist = &fake_name;CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5155 if (cb.cb_proplist == &fake_name)CODE
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c5156 zprop_free_list(fake_name.pl_next);CODE
Self-Referential Comments4 hits · 12 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
MEDIUMscripts/export_manifest.py13 # Create the base directory where we are going to put all package files.COMMENT
MEDIUMscripts/ec2-utils.sh253# This function implements work-around for AMIs copying problem described here:COMMENT
MEDIUMmodules/tests/create_static.sh31 #This file is around 700K so it is a good test sample for the concurrent testCOMMENT
MEDIUMmodules/tests-with-linux-ld/create_static.sh31 #This file is around 700K so it is a good test sample for the concurrent testCOMMENT
Redundant / Tautological Comments7 hits · 10 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/disk-utils-common.sh4 # Check if we have something connected to nbd0COMMENT
LOWscripts/firecracker.py162 # Check if the bridge exists if user specified itCOMMENT
LOWscripts/firecracker.py258 # Check if firecracker is installedCOMMENT
LOWscripts/loader.py235# Check if given Field has member field called name, i.e., whetherCOMMENT
LOWscripts/checkpatch.pl1722 # Check if either of these lines are modified, elseCOMMENT
LOWscripts/manifest_from_host.sh162# Check if directory and disregard LIB mode if requestedCOMMENT
LOWscripts/manifest_from_host.sh176# Check if file existsCOMMENT
Excessive Try-Catch Wrapping8 hits · 10 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWtests/tst-tcp-hash-cli.py19 except Exception as e: print(e)CODE
LOWtests/tst-tcp-hash-cli.py57 except Exception as inst:CODE
LOWscripts/firecracker.py337 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWscripts/manifest_common.py46 except Exception:CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_http_app.py98 except Exception as ex:CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_net.py29 except Exception as e:CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_app.py50 except Exception as ex:CODE
MEDIUMmodules/httpserver-api/json2code.py398 print("Error while parsing JSON file '" + param + "' error ", value.message)CODE
AI Slop Vocabulary4 hits · 8 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWbsd/sys/sys/socket.h79#define SO_DONTROUTE 0x0010 /* just use interface addresses */COMMENT
MEDIUMbsd/sys/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/uts/common/sys/synch.h141#define LOCK_ROBUST 0x40 /* robust lock */COMMENT
LOW…ys/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/uts/common/sys/processor.h106#define PBIND_QUERY -2 /* don't set, just return the binding */COMMENT
LOWbsd/porting/netport.h151#define EJUSTRETURN (-2) /* don't modify regs, just return */COMMENT
Cross-Language Confusion1 hit · 5 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
HIGHscripts/setup.py32 pre_install = '(yum list installed compat-openssl10-devel 2>/dev/null && yum -y remove compat-openssl10-devel) || ecCODE
Example Usage Blocks3 hits · 4 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/download_and_build_qemu.sh12# Usage:COMMENT
LOWscripts/download_and_build_boost.sh9# Usage:COMMENT
LOWscripts/download_aarch64_toolchain.sh7# Usage:COMMENT
AI Structural Patterns2 hits · 2 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWscripts/osv/prof.py359CODE
LOWscripts/tests/test_http_app.py21CODE
Slop Phrases1 hit · 1 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOWbsd/cddl/contrib/opensolaris/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c4915 "If you boot from pool '%s', don't forget to update boot code.\n"CODE