bayesian-optimization/BayesianOptimization

17.1

Adjusted Score

17.1

Raw Score

100%

Time Factor

2026-07-21

Last Push

8.7K

Stars

Python

Language

8.4K

Lines of Code

Files

132

Pattern Hits

2026-08-02

Scan Date

0.08

HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score: Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score: The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor: The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits: Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate: High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files: Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

Longitudinal tracking requires multiple scan runs. Once this repository is re-scanned after new commits land, this chart will visualise how the synthetic code signal evolves over time — enabling you to detect whether AI authorship is growing, stabilising, or being actively corrected by human engineers.

No multi-scan history yet — run the scanner again to build trend data.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 3MEDIUM 2LOW 127

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 132 distinct pattern matches across 9 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Hyper-Verbose Identifiers80 hits · 80 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	bayes_opt/domain_reduction.py	243	def _window_bounds_compatibility(self, global_bounds: NDArray[Float]) -> None:	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1221	def _sample_idx_from_softmax_gains(self, random_state: RandomState) -> int:	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	131	def test_cateogrical_valid_bounds():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	173	def test_preconstructed_parameter():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	189	def test_integration_mixed_optimization():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	206	def test_integration_mixed_optimization_with_constraints():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	249	def test_combined_wrapped_kernel_fit():	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	110	def test_acquisition_optimization(gp, target_space):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	120	def test_acquisition_optimization_only_random(gp, target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	406	def test_upper_confidence_bound_invalid_kappa_error(kappa: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	412	def test_upper_confidence_bound_invalid_exploration_decay_error(exploration_decay: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	420	def test_upper_confidence_bound_invalid_exploration_decay_delay_error(exploration_decay_delay):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	428	def test_probability_of_improvement_invalid_xi_error(xi: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	434	def test_probability_of_improvement_invalid_exploration_decay_error(exploration_decay: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	442	def test_probability_of_improvement_invalid_exploration_decay_delay_error(exploration_decay_delay):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	450	def test_expected_improvement_invalid_xi_error(xi: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	456	def test_expected_improvement_invalid_exploration_decay_error(exploration_decay: float):	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	464	def test_expected_improvement_invalid_exploration_decay_delay_error(exploration_decay_delay):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	135	def test_acquisition_optimization_only_l_bfgs_b(gp, target_space):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	142	def test_upper_confidence_bound(gp, target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	159	def test_smart_minimize_fails(target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	174	def test_upper_confidence_bound_with_constraints(gp, constrained_target_space):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	182	def test_probability_of_improvement(gp, target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	203	def test_probability_of_improvement_with_constraints(gp, constrained_target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	220	def test_expected_improvement(gp, target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	241	def test_expected_improvement_with_constraints(gp, constrained_target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	289	def test_constant_liar_invalid_strategy():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	294	def test_constant_liar_with_constraints(gp, constrained_target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	328	def test_gphedge_update_gains(random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	352	def test_gphedge_softmax_sampling(random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	376	def test_gphedge_skips_duplicate_candidate_when_unique_candidate_exists(gp, target_space, random_state):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	519	def test_integration_acquisition_functions(	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	549	def test_integration_constrained(target_func_x_and_y, pbounds, constraint, tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	579	def test_custom_acquisition_without_get_params():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	600	def test_custom_acquisition_without_set_params():	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	190	def test_prime_queue_all_empty():	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	200	def test_prime_queue_empty_with_init():	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	210	def test_prime_queue_with_register():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	101	def test_register_array_uses_pbounds_order_without_warning():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	112	def test_probe_array_uses_pbounds_order_without_warning():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	172	def test_suggest_with_one_observation():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	221	def test_prime_queue_with_register_and_init():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	285	def test_define_wrong_transformer():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	292	def test_single_value_objective():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	371	def test_save_load_w_categorical_params(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	402	def test_suggest_point_returns_same_point(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	419	def test_save_load_random_state(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	441	def test_save_load_unused_optimizer(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	523	def test_save_load_w_domain_reduction(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	560	def test_save_load_w_custom_parameter(tmp_path):	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	708	def test_predict_integer_params():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	745	def test_predict_categorical_params():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	775	def test_predict_no_points_registered():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	795	def test_predict_custom_parameter():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	829	def test_predict_invalid_params_type():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	849	def test_predict_return_std_and_cov_mutually_exclusive():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	864	def test_predict_shape_semantics_dict_vs_list():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	885	def test_predict_shape_semantics_with_std():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	913	def test_predict_shape_semantics_with_cov():	CODE
LOW	tests/test_target_space.py	21	def test_keys_and_bounds_in_same_order():	CODE
20 more matches not shown…

Unused Imports25 hits · 24 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	bayes_opt/target_space.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/constraint.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/exception.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/domain_reduction.py	8	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/util.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/bayesian_optimization.py	7	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	7	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	8	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	9	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	10	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	11	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	12	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/logger.py	3	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	21	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/parameter.py	3	CODE
LOW	tests/test_notebooks_run.py	5	CODE
LOW	tests/test_parameter.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_util.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_acquisition.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_target_space.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_constraint.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_logger.py	1	CODE
LOW	tests/test_seq_domain_red.py	1	CODE

Cross-File Repetition3 hits · 15 pts

Severity	File	Snippet	Context
HIGH	README.md	function with unknown internals we wish to maximize. this is just serving as an example, however, for all intents and pu	STRING
HIGH	tests/test_seq_domain_red.py	function with unknown internals we wish to maximize. this is just serving as an example, however, for all intents and pu	STRING
HIGH	examples/async_optimization.py	function with unknown internals we wish to maximize. this is just serving as an example, however, for all intents and pu	STRING

Modern Structural Boilerplate14 hits · 12 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	bayes_opt/target_space.py	687	def set_bounds(self, new_bounds: BoundsMapping) -> None:	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/exception.py	5	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/bayesian_optimization.py	393	def set_bounds(self, new_bounds: BoundsMapping) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/bayesian_optimization.py	403	def set_gp_params(self, **params: Any) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/__init__.py	17	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/logger.py	226	def _update_tracker(self, current_max: dict[str, Any] \| None) -> None:	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	102	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	570	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	750	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	939	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1166	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	STRING
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1238	def _update_gains(self, gp: GaussianProcessRegressor) -> None:	CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1346	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict[str, Any]) -> None:	CODE
LOW⚡	tests/test_acquisition.py	106	def set_acquisition_params(self, params: dict) -> None:	CODE

Redundant / Tautological Comments4 hits · 5 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	390	# Check if success	COMMENT
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1110	# Check if any dummies have been evaluated and remove them	STRING
LOW	tests/test_logger.py	179	# Check if header contains expected column names	COMMENT
LOW	tests/test_logger.py	185	# Check if divider line is included	COMMENT

Self-Referential Comments2 hits · 4 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
MEDIUM	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1113	# Create a copy of the target space	STRING
MEDIUM	examples/typed_hyperparameter_tuning.py	16	# Define the hyperparameter space	COMMENT

Deep Nesting2 hits · 2 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	bayes_opt/target_space.py	237		CODE
LOW	bayes_opt/acquisition.py	1058		CODE

Over-Commented Block1 hit · 1 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	docsrc/conf.py	1	# Configuration file for the Sphinx documentation builder.	COMMENT

Excessive Try-Catch Wrapping1 hit · 1 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	tests/test_bayesian_optimization.py	335	except Exception as e:	CODE