ashishps1/awesome-low-level-design

5.4

Adjusted Score

5.4

Raw Score

100%

Time Factor

2026-08-19

Last Push

26.5K

Stars

Java

Language

110.2K

Lines of Code

3.2K

Files

437

Pattern Hits

2026-08-29

Scan Date

0.00

HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score: Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score: The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor: The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits: Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate: High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files: Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

Longitudinal tracking requires multiple scan runs. Once this repository is re-scanned after new commits land, this chart will visualise how the synthetic code signal evolves over time — enabling you to detect whether AI authorship is growing, stabilising, or being actively corrected by human engineers.

No multi-scan history yet — run the scanner again to build trend data.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 0HIGH 1MEDIUM 28LOW 408

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 437 distinct pattern matches across 13 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Unused Imports160 hits · 160 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	solutions/python/coffeevendingmachine/states.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/coffeevendingmachine/states.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/elevatorsystem/elevator_system_demo.py	8	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/movieticketbookingsystem/movie_observer.py	7	CODE
LOW	…ertbookingsystem/concert_ticket_booking_system_demo.py	1	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/airlinemanagementsystem/flight.py	1	CODE
LOW	…n/airlinemanagementsystem/airline_management_system.py	1	CODE
LOW	…n/airlinemanagementsystem/airline_management_system.py	2	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/user.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/order.py	8	CODE
LOW	…ython/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/execution_strategy.py	6	CODE
LOW	…ns/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/stock_observer.py	5	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/order_states.py	6	CODE
LOW	…lutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/library_item.py	4	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/item_states.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/item_states.py	7	CODE
LOW	…/python/librarymanagementsystem/transaction_service.py	5	CODE
LOW	…/python/librarymanagementsystem/transaction_service.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/member.py	2	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/member.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/member.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/loan.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/loan.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/book_copy.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/book_copy.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/book_copy.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/observer.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/observer.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/playable.py	6	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/musicstreamingservice/playback_strategy.py	4	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/musicstreamingservice/playback_strategy.py	8	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/artist.py	1	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/player_states.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_manager.py	3	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_manager.py	4	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_manager.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_manager.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_manager.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/taskmanagementsystem/task_observer.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/taskmanagementsystem/task_state.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/user.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/trip.py	11	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/rider.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/trip_states.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/trip_states.py	7	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/driver.py	4	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/driver.py	9	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/ridesharingservice/trip_observer.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/bill.py	2	CODE
LOW	…ns/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/order_observer.py	5	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/staff.py	2	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/staff.py	3	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/staff.py	4	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/command.py	2	CODE
LOW	…python/restaurantmanagementsystem/order_item_states.py	5	CODE
LOW	…utions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/restaurant.py	3	CODE
LOW	…utions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/order_item.py	8	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/fooddeliveryservice/user.py	6	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/fooddeliveryservice/order_observer.py	5	CODE
100 more matches not shown…

Structural Annotation Overuse42 hits · 92 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	oop/rust/abstraction/README.md	61	#### Step 1: Define the Abstraction (The Interface)	COMMENT
LOW	oop/rust/abstraction/README.md	72	#### Step 2: Implement the Hidden Logic	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	16	# Step 1: Get latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	19	# Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	24	# Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	33	# Step 4: Deploy to server	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	16	# Step 1: Get latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	19	# Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	24	# Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	33	# Step 4: Deploy to server	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	28	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	31	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	38	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	48	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	61	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	64	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	71	// Step 3: Skip extensive tests for hotfix	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	74	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	15	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	18	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	25	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	35	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	53	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	56	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	63	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we might skip extensive tests or run a specific "smoke test" suite.	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	67	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	15	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	18	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	25	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	35	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	52	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	55	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	62	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we skip extensive tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	65	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	27	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	30	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	38	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	50	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	71	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	74	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	82	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we might skip extensive tests or run a specific "smoke test" suite.	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	85	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT

Verbosity Indicators40 hits · 89 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	16	# Step 1: Get latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	19	# Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	24	# Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_direct.py	33	# Step 4: Deploy to server	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	16	# Step 1: Get latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	19	# Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	24	# Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_facade.py	33	# Step 4: Deploy to server	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	28	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	31	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	38	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	48	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	61	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	64	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	71	// Step 3: Skip extensive tests for hotfix	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/golang/facade/deployment_facade.go	74	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	15	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	18	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	25	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	35	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	53	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	56	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	63	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we might skip extensive tests or run a specific "smoke test" suite.	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/java/facade/DeploymentFacade.java	67	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	15	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	18	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	25	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	35	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	52	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	55	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	62	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we skip extensive tests	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/cpp/facade/deployment_facade.cpp	65	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	27	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	30	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	38	// Step 3: Run tests	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	50	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	71	// Step 1: Pull latest code	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	74	// Step 2: Build the project	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	82	// Step 3: For a hotfix, we might skip extensive tests or run a specific "smoke test" suite.	COMMENT
LOW⚡	design-patterns/csharp/facade/DeploymentFacade.cs	85	// Step 4: Deploy to production	COMMENT

Fake / Example Data72 hits · 72 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	…ertbookingsystem/concert_ticket_booking_system_demo.py	24	user1 = User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…linemanagementsystem/airline_management_system_demo.py	15	passenger1 = Passenger("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890")	CODE
LOW	…python/hotelmanagement/hotel_management_system_demo.py	13	guest1 = Guest("G001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890")	CODE
LOW	…on/taskmanagementsystem/task_management_system_demo.py	13	user1 = task_management_system.create_user("John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…n/courseregistrationsystem/course_registration_demo.py	11	course1 = Course("CS101", "Introduction to Programming", "John Doe", 50, 0)	CODE
LOW	…s/python/onlineshoppingservice/online_shopping_demo.py	29	alice_address = Address("123 Main St", "Anytown", "CA", "12345")	CODE
LOW	…ons/python/digitalwalletservice/digital_wallet_demo.py	15	user1 = User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password123")	CODE
LOW	…tions/python/carrentalsystem/car_rental_system_demo.py	18	customer1 = Customer("John Doe", "john@example.com", "DL1234")	CODE
LOW	…icketbookingsystem/movie_ticket_booking_system_demo.go	45	user := NewUser("U1", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…/golang/hotelmanagementsystem/hotel_management_demo.go	12	guest1 := NewGuest("G001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890")	CODE
LOW	…linemanagementsystem/airline_management_system_demo.go	24	"John Doe",	CODE
LOW	…golang/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/stock_broker_demo.go	9	user := NewUser("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…rarymanagementsystem/library_management_system_demo.go	20	member1 := NewMember("M1", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…ng/taskmanagementsystem/task_management_system_demo.go	12	user1 := NewUser("1", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…golang/ridesharingservice/ride_sharing_service_demo.go	9	passenger1 := &Passenger{ID: 1, Name: "John Doe", Contact: "1234567890", Location: &Location{Latitude: 37.7749, Longitu	CODE
LOW	…certticketbookingsystem/concert_booking_system_demo.go	23	user1 := NewUser("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…staurantmanagementsystem/restaurant_management_demo.go	24	reservation := NewReservation(1, "John Doe", "1234567890", 4, time.Now())	CODE
LOW	…lang/fooddeliveryservice/food_delivery_service_demo.go	11	customer1 := NewCustomer("C001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890")	CODE
LOW	…ialnetworkingservice/social_networking_service_demo.go	12	user1 := NewUser("1", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password", "profile1.jpg", "I love coding!")	CODE
LOW	…eregistrationsystem/course_registration_system_demo.go	11	course1 := NewCourse("CS101", "Introduction to Programming", "John Doe", 50)	CODE
LOW	solutions/golang/onlineauctionsystem/main.go	12	user1 := NewUser("1", "John Doe", "john@example.com")	CODE
LOW	…/onlineshoppingservice/online_shopping_service_demo.go	10	user1 := NewUser("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password123")	CODE
LOW	…ons/golang/digitalwalletservice/digital_wallet_demo.go	12	user1 := NewUser("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password123")	CODE
LOW	solutions/golang/linkedin/linkedin_service_demo.go	11	user1 := NewUser("1", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password")	CODE
LOW	…tions/golang/carrentalsystem/car_rental_system_demo.go	17	customer := NewCustomer("John Doe", "john@example.com", "DL1234")	CODE
LOW	…escript/src/TaskManagement/TaskManagementSystemDemo.ts	12	"John Doe",	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/movieticketbookingsystem/README.md	96	User user = new User("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…ava/src/hotelmanagementsystem/HotelManagementDemo.java	34	Guest guest1 = new Guest("G123", "John Doe", "john.doe@example.com");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/hotelmanagementsystem/README.md	95	Guest guest = new Guest("John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890");	CODE
LOW	…rlinemanagementsystem/AirlineManagementSystemDemo.java	17	Passenger passenger1 = airlineManagementSystem.addPassenger("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/README.md	111	User user = new User("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…src/taskmanagementsystem/TaskManagementSystemDemo.java	18	User user1 = taskManagementSystem.createUser("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…icketbookingsystem/ConcertTicketBookingSystemDemo.java	23	User user1 = new User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/concertticketbookingsystem/README.md	73	User user = new User("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…ntmanagementsystem/RestaurantManagementSystemDemo.java	37	Reservation reservation = restaurantManagementSystem.makeReservation("John Doe", "1234567890", 4, new Timestamp(	CODE
LOW	…java/src/onlineshoppingservice/OnlineShoppingDemo.java	28	Address aliceAddress = new Address("123 Main St", "Anytown", "CA", "12345");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/votingsystem/VotingSystemDemo.java	10	votingSystem.registerCandidate("C1", "John Doe", "Party A");	CODE
LOW	…s/java/src/digitalwalletservice/DigitalWalletDemo.java	11	User user1 = new User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "password123");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/digitalwalletservice/README.md	85	User user = new User("John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890");	CODE
LOW	solutions/java/src/digitalwalletservice/README.md	98	User recipient = new User("Jane Doe", "jane@example.com", "9876543210");	CODE
LOW	…ions/java/src/carrentalsystem/CarRentalSystemDemo.java	16	Customer customer1 = new Customer("John Doe", "john@example.com", "DL1234");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/movieticketbookingsystem/BookingDemo.cpp	41	Booking* booking = system.createBooking("S001", "John Doe", "+1-555-0123", seats);	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/hotelmanagementsystem/HotelDemo.cpp	17	Guest* guest1 = new Guest("G001", "John Doe", "john@example.com",	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/hotelmanagementsystem/HotelDemo.cpp	18	"+1-555-0123", "123 Main St");	CODE
LOW	…irlinemanagementsystem/AirlineManagementSystemDemo.cpp	14	Passenger* passenger1 = new Passenger("John Doe", "P123456", "+1-555-0123");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/librarymanagementsystem/LibraryDemo.cpp	17	Member* member1 = new Member("M001", "John Doe", "john@example.com",	CODE
LOW	…/cpp/concertticketbookingsystem/ConcertBookingDemo.cpp	18	std::string booking1 = bookingSystem.createBooking("John Doe", concert1, 1);	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/fooddeliveryservice/DeliveryDemo.cpp	8	User* user1 = new User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com",	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/fooddeliveryservice/DeliveryDemo.cpp	9	"+1-555-0123", "123 Main St");	CODE
LOW	…pp/courseregistrationsystem/RegistrationSystemDemo.cpp	17	Student* student1 = new Student("S001", "John Doe");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/onlineshoppingservice/ShoppingDemo.cpp	16	User* user1 = shop.registerUser("john_doe", "john@email.com", "123 Main St");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/digitalwalletservice/WalletDemo.cpp	8	User* user1 = new User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "+1-555-0123");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/linkedin/LinkedInDemo.cpp	12	Profile* profile1 = new Profile("John Doe", "Software Engineer");	CODE
LOW	solutions/cpp/carrentalsystem/CarRentalSystemDemo.cpp	17	Customer* customer1 = new Customer("CUST001", "John Doe", "+1-555-0123");	CODE
LOW	…arp/hotelmanagementsystem/HotelManagementSystemDemo.cs	12	var guest1 = new Guest("G001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890");	CODE
LOW	…airlinemanagementsystem/AirlineManagementSystemDemo.cs	13	var passenger1 = new Passenger("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com", "1234567890");	CODE
LOW	…sharp/taskmanagementsystem/TaskManagementSystemDemo.cs	13	User user1 = taskManagementSystem.CreateUser("John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…tticketbookingsystem/ConcertTicketBookingSystemDemo.cs	24	var user1 = new User("U001", "John Doe", "john@example.com");	CODE
LOW	…arp/courseregistrationsystem/CourseRegistrationDemo.cs	13	Course course1 = new Course("CS101", "Introduction to Programming", "John Doe", 50, 0);	CODE
LOW	…ons/csharp/onlineshoppingservice/OnlineShoppingDemo.cs	28	var aliceAddress = new Address("123 Main St", "Anytown", "CA", "12345");	CODE
12 more matches not shown…

Excessive Try-Catch Wrapping27 hits · 56 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
MEDIUM	…n/librarymanagementsystem/library_management_system.py	51	print("Error: Invalid member or copy ID.")	CODE
MEDIUM	…n/librarymanagementsystem/library_management_system.py	58	print("Error: Invalid copy ID.")	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/loggingframework/logging_framework_demo.py	44	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW⚡	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_appender.py	46	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW⚡	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_appender.py	56	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW⚡	solutions/python/loggingframework/log_appender.py	63	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/atm/atm.py	69	except Exception as e:	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	37	print("Error: Please insert a card first.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	40	print("Error: Please insert a card first.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	43	print("Error: Card not found.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	47	print("Error: A card is already inserted. Cannot insert another card.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	62	print("Error: Please enter your PIN first to select an operation.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	71	print("Error: A card is already inserted and a session is active.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	74	print("Error: PIN has already been entered and authenticated.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	81	print("Error: Invalid withdrawal amount specified.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	88	print("Error: Insufficient balance.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	95	print("Error: Invalid deposit amount specified.")	CODE
MEDIUM⚡	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	102	print("Error: Invalid operation selected.")	CODE
MEDIUM	solutions/python/tictactoe/tictactoesystem.py	48	print(f"Error: {e}")	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/pubsubsystem/topic.py	28	except Exception as e:	CODE
MEDIUM	solutions/python/pubsubsystem/topic.py	29	print(f"Error delivering message to subscriber {subscriber.get_id()}: {str(e)}")	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/onlineauctionsystem/auction_system_demo.py	46	except Exception as e:	CODE
MEDIUM	…ions/python/onlineauctionsystem/auction_system_demo.py	47	print(f"An error occurred during bidding: {e}")	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/onlineauctionsystem/auction_system_demo.py	65	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW	…python/onlineshoppingservice/online_shopping_system.py	88	except Exception as e:	CODE
LOW	…/python/trafficsignalsystem/intersection_controller.py	44	except Exception as e:	CODE
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/builder/http_app_builder.py	41	print(f"Error creating request: {e}")	CODE

Modern Structural Boilerplate35 hits · 37 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	solutions/python/movieticketbookingsystem/seat.py	26	def set_status(self, status: SeatStatus) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/order.py	51	def set_state(self, state: OrderState) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/order.py	54	def set_status(self, status: OrderStatus) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/stock.py	16	def set_price(self, new_price: float) -> None:	CODE
LOW	…ns/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/stock_exchange.py	87	def _update_order_status(self, order: Order, quantity_traded: int) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/librarymanagementsystem/book_copy.py	25	def set_state(self, state: 'ItemState') -> None:	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/onlineshoppingservice/inventory_service.py	19	def update_stock_for_order(self, items: List[OrderLineItem]) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlineshoppingservice/order.py	40	def set_state(self, state: OrderState) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlineshoppingservice/order.py	43	def set_status(self, status: OrderStatus) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/onlineshoppingservice/customer.py	33	def set_shipping_address(self, address: Address) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/vendingmachine/vending_machine.py	66	def set_selected_item_code(self, code: str) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/vendingmachine/vending_machine.py	69	def set_state(self, state: VendingMachineState) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/linkedin/profile.py	11	def set_summary(self, summary: str) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/linkedin/connection.py	23	def set_status(self, status: ConnectionStatus) -> None:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/proxy/__init__.py	5	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/facade/__init__.py	7	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/observer/fitness_data.py	26	def set_fitness_data(self, steps: int, calories_burned: float, distance_covered: float) -> None:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/memento/__init__.py	5	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/prototype/game.py	12	def _setup_prototypes(self) -> None:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/state/vending_machine.py	13	def set_state(self, state: MachineState) -> None:	CODE
LOW	…ign-patterns/python/composite/organization/__init__.py	6	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/composite/filesystem/__init__.py	5	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/iterator/__init__.py	7	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	…sign-patterns/python/chainofresponsibility/__init__.py	10	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	…-patterns/python/chainofresponsibility/base_handler.py	8	def set_next(self, next_handler: RequestHandler) -> None:	CODE
LOW	…tterns/python/chainofresponsibility/request_handler.py	6	def set_next(self, next_handler: 'RequestHandler') -> None:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/command/remote_control.py	11	def set_command(self, command: Command) -> None:	CODE
LOW	…gn-patterns/python/command/remote_control_with_undo.py	12	def set_command(self, command: Command) -> None:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/flyweight/__init__.py	6	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/mediator/__init__.py	8	__all__ = [	CODE
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/mediator/form_mediator.py	15	def set_username_field(self, field: TextField) -> None:	CODE
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/mediator/form_mediator.py	18	def set_password_field(self, field: TextField) -> None:	CODE
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/mediator/form_mediator.py	21	def set_login_button(self, button: Button) -> None:	CODE
LOW⚡	design-patterns/python/mediator/form_mediator.py	24	def set_status_label(self, label: Label) -> None:	CODE
LOW	…sign-patterns/python/strategy/shipping_cost_service.py	11	def set_strategy(self, strategy: ShippingStrategy) -> None:	CODE

Self-Referential Comments10 hits · 28 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
MEDIUM	solutions/python/elevatorsystem/elevator_system.py	30	display = Display() # Create the observer	CODE
MEDIUM	…utions/python/restaurantmanagementsystem/order_item.py	31	for observer in self._observers[:]: # Create a copy to avoid modification during iteration	CODE
MEDIUM	solutions/python/cricinfo/cricinfo_demo.py	28	# Create a T20 Match	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/facade/deployment_app_facade.py	4	# Create the facade	COMMENT
MEDIUM	…terns/python/composite/filesystem/file_explorer_app.py	5	# Create a file system structure	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/iterator/iterator_demo.py	4	# Create a music player	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/chainofresponsibility/main.py	9	# Create the chain of handlers	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/chainofresponsibility/main.py	22	# Create a valid request	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/chainofresponsibility/main.py	30	# Create an invalid request	COMMENT
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/flyweight/flyweight_demo.py	4	# Create a text editor client	COMMENT

Over-Commented Block27 hits · 27 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	solutions/golang/main.go	1	package main	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/golang/main.go	21	// "github.com/ashishps1/awesome-low-level-design/solutions/golang/onlineshopping"	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/golang/main.go	41	// atm.Run()	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/golang/main.go	61	// parkinglot.Run()	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/typescript/tsconfig.json	1	{	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/typescript/tsconfig.json	21	"rootDir": "src", // project root	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/typescript/tsconfig.json	41	// "noImplicitOverride": true, /* Ensure overriding members in derived classes are marked with an '	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/java/src/LLDRunner.java	21	public static void main(String[] args) {	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/java/src/LLDRunner.java	41	// MusicStreamingServiceDemo.run();	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/coffeevendingmachine/Coffee.hpp	21	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/coffeevendingmachine/Inventory.hpp	21	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/airlinemanagementsystem/Passenger.hpp	21	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	…lutions/cpp/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/Transaction.hpp	41	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/musicstreamingservice/User.hpp	41	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/ridesharingservice/RideService.hpp	41	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/onlineshoppingservice/Order.hpp	41	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/lrucache/LRUCache.hpp	81	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/cpp/carrentalsystem/Customer.hpp	21	#endif	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/csharp/LLDRunner.cs	41	// Uncomment the LLD problem you want to run with sample input defined in the corresponding Demo class.	COMMENT
LOW	solutions/csharp/LLDRunner.cs	61	//AuctionSystemDemo.Run();	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/__init__.py	1	# Design Patterns Python Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/observer/__init__.py	1	# Observer Pattern Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/adapter/__init__.py	1	# Adapter Pattern Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/singleton/__init__.py	1	# Singleton Pattern Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/builder/__init__.py	1	# Builder Pattern Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/factory/__init__.py	1	# Factory Pattern Package	COMMENT
LOW	design-patterns/python/strategy/__init__.py	1	# Strategy Pattern Package	COMMENT

Hyper-Verbose Identifiers11 hits · 11 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	solutions/python/musicstreamingservice/player.py	26	def play_current_song_in_queue(self):	CODE
LOW	…ions/python/ridesharingservice/ride_sharing_service.py	41	def set_driver_matching_strategy(self, driver_matching_strategy: DriverMatchingStrategy):	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/linkedin/linkedin_system.py	49	def accept_connection_request(self, request_id: str) -> None:	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/linkedin/linkedin_system.py	58	def get_latest_post_by_member(self, member_id: str) -> Optional[Post]:	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/all_patterns_demo.py	87	def run_abstract_factory_demo():	CODE
LOW	…-patterns/python/observer/fitness_app_observer_demo.py	7	def fitness_app_observer_demo():	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/prototype/game.py	28	def get_available_enemy_types(self) -> list:	CODE
LOW	…tterns/python/chainofresponsibility/request_handler.py	4	class RequestHandler(ABC):	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/builder/http_app_telescoping.py	4	def http_app_telescoping_demo():	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/factory/factory_method_demo.py	42	def naive_implementation_demo():	CODE
LOW	…n-patterns/cpp/chainofresponsibility/request_handler.h	4	class RequestHandler {	CODE

Deep Nesting10 hits · 10 pts

Severity	File	Line	Context
LOW	…s/python/movieticketbookingsystem/seat_lock_manager.py	47	CODE
LOW	…ns/python/onlinestockbrokeragesystem/stock_exchange.py	40	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/atm/atm_state.py	76	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/stackoverflow/reputation_manager.py	12	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/parkinglot/parking_strategy.py	31	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/lrucache/lru_cache.py	24	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/cricinfo/match_states.py	37	CODE
LOW	solutions/python/cricinfo/match_observer.py	19	CODE
LOW	design-patterns/python/mediator/form_mediator.py	27	CODE
LOW	…erns/python/strategy/shipping_cost_calculator_naive.py	7	CODE

Synthetic Comment Markers1 hit · 8 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
HIGH	solutions/csharp/obj/Debug/net8.0/c#.AssemblyInfo.cs	3	// This code was generated by a tool.	COMMENT

Redundant / Tautological Comments1 hit · 2 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
LOW	…s/python/movieticketbookingsystem/seat_lock_manager.py	23	# Check if any of the requested seats are already locked or booked	COMMENT

AI Slop Vocabulary1 hit · 1 pts

Severity	File	Line	Snippet	Context
MEDIUM	design-patterns/python/singleton/enum_singleton.py	5	"""Enum-based singleton - most robust approach"""	STRING

Analysis Overview

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