The C++ Standard Library for Parallelism and Concurrency
This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of TheHPXProject/hpx, a C++ project with 2,874 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 991,850 lines of code across 5146 source files, recording 7987 pattern matches distributed across 16 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 8.0 places this repository in the Low AI signal band.
The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).
This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.
Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.
This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.
The scanner identified 7987 distinct pattern matches across 16 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.
Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | CMakeLists.txt | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2020 Mikael Simberg | COMMENT |
| LOW | CMakeLists.txt | 1101 | HPX_WITH_NANOBENCH | COMMENT |
| LOW | CMakeLists.txt | 1121 | # https://github.com/STEllAR-GROUP/libcds CATEGORY "Thread Manager" ADVANCED | COMMENT |
| LOW | CMakeLists.txt | 2681 | # ############################################################################## | COMMENT |
| LOW | .cmake-format.py | 1 | # Copyright (c) 2020-2023 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | .cmake-format.py | 21 | command_case = u'lower' | COMMENT |
| LOW | .cmake-format.py | 101 | # If comment markup is enabled, don't reflow any comment block which matches | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/include/hpx/manage_runtime.hpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2025 Agustin Berge | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/include/hpx/manage_runtime.hpp | 21 | #include <mutex> | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/include/hpx/manage_runtime.hpp | 41 | /// | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/include/hpx/manage_runtime.hpp | 61 | init_params const& init_args = init_params()); | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/include/hpx/hpx_main_impl.hpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_user_main.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2013 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_user_main.cpp | 21 | // | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_main_argc_argv.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2013 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_main_variables_map.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2023 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_user_main_argc_argv.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2016 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/manage_runtime.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2025 Agustin Berge | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/hpx_main.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2023 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | init/src/main.cpp | 1 | // Copyright (c) 2007-2014 Hartmut Kaiser | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/change_includes.sh | 1 | #!/bin/bash | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/generate_issue_pr_list.sh | 1 | #!/usr/bin/env bash | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/add_compat_headers.sh | 141 | echo -e "\e[32mFiles overwritten :" | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/path_name_check.cpp | 1 | // path_name_check implementation ------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/path_name_check.cpp | 61 | error(library_name, full_path, | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/end_check.hpp | 1 | // end_check header ---------------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/minmax_check.cpp | 1 | // minmax_check implementation --------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/assert_macro_check.cpp | 1 | // assert_macro_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/include_check.hpp | 1 | // include_check header -------------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/ascii_check.cpp | 1 | // ascii_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/pragma_once_check.cpp | 1 | // pragma once check implementation --------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/windows_macro_check.cpp | 1 | // windows_macro_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/deprecated_name_check.cpp | 1 | // deprecated_name_check implementation -----------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/spdx_license_check.cpp | 1 | // SPDX_CHECK implementation --------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/time_string.hpp | 1 | // ---- time_string: thin wrapper around std::strftime -------- // | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/endline_whitespace_check.cpp | 1 | // extra_whitespace_check implementation ----------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/function_hyper.hpp | 1 | // Hyperlink Function ------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/tab_check.cpp | 1 | // tab_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect_to_junit.py | 1 | #!/usr/bin/env python3 | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspector.hpp | 1 | // inspector header --------------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/deprecated_include_check.hpp | 1 | // include_check header -------------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/apple_macro_check.cpp | 1 | // apple_macro_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/license_check.cpp | 1 | // license_check implementation --------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/unnamed_namespace_check.cpp | 1 | // unnamed_namespace_check -----------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 1 | // inspect program -------------------------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 21 | "no-inspect"; | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 41 | COMMENT | |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 61 | #include "assert_macro_check.hpp" | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 341 | // struct svn_check | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 361 | // if ((pos = ln.find("Revision: ")) != string::npos) | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 401 | // svn_check check_(inspect_root); | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 741 | } | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 761 | // return; | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 781 | // void display_worst_offenders(std::ostream& out) | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 801 | // && (display_count < max_offenders | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/inspect.cpp | 821 | // if (display_format == display_text) | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/deprecated_include_check.cpp | 1 | // deprecated_include_check implementation --------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/crlf_check.cpp | 1 | // crlf_check implementation ------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/path_name_check.hpp | 1 | // long_name_check header --------------------------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/inspect/length_check.cpp | 1 | // character_length_check implementation ----------------------------------// | COMMENT |
| 7829 more matches not shown… | ||||
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 12 | # ----------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 14 | # ----------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 96 | # ------------------------------------------------ | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 98 | # ------------------------------------------------ | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 140 | # ---------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 142 | # ---------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | .cmake-format.py | 197 | # ------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | .cmake-format.py | 199 | # ------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | .cmake-format.py | 206 | # ---------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | .cmake-format.py | 208 | # ---------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 613 | # ------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | .cmake-format.py | 615 | # ------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …sts/performance/network/network_storage/CMakeLists.txt | 55 | # ------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …sts/performance/network/network_storage/CMakeLists.txt | 71 | # ------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …sts/performance/network/network_storage/CMakeLists.txt | 83 | # -------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …sts/performance/network/network_storage/CMakeLists.txt | 85 | # -------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 12 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 23 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 29 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 36 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 51 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 59 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 67 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 75 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 160 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 263 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 286 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 17 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 22 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM⚡ | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 27 | #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 69 | ##------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 83 | ##------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 97 | ##------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 106 | #------------------------------------------------------------------- | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIGH | …ll/performance_counters/tests/unit/reinit_counters.cpp | 103 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 478 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 551 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 602 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 705 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 923 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | libs/full/performance_counters/src/registry.cpp | 1034 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | …clude/hpx/components/iostreams/server/order_output.hpp | 40 | // output the line as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | examples/performance_counters/sine/sine.cpp | 175 | // create the counter as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | examples/sheneos/sheneos/server/partition3d.cpp | 363 | // interpolate as requested | COMMENT |
| HIGH | examples/sheneos/sheneos/server/partition3d.cpp | 379 | // interpolate as requested | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/driver.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/plot.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/html.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/env.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/default_vars.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/log.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/runtools.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/args.py | 0 | copyright (c) 2020 eth zurich spdx-license-identifier: bsl-1.0 distributed under the boost software license, version 1.0 | STRING |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | tools/check_module_cmakelists.sh | 90 | # Create a module list per module group | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tools/add_compat_headers.sh | 10 | # This file is globbing through the include_compatibility folder, so basic | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tools/add_compat_headers.sh | 142 | # Create the corresponding compatibility headers | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | tools/perftests_ci/driver.py | 18 | # Create the directories of the run_output files if does not exist | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | components/create_component_skeleton.py | 148 | # This file is auto generated. Please do not edit manually. | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | examples/hello_world_component/hello.sh | 16 | # Create the directory where we want to install the library | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | …core/synchronization/tests/unit/latch_notification.cpp | 10 | // - the explicit notified_ flag guarding the robust predicate loop in | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …lude/hpx/program_options/detail/utf8_codecvt_facet.hpp | 44 | // Essentially, each library will have its own copy of utf8 code, in | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …/core/type_support/include/hpx/type_support/static.hpp | 35 | // For conforming compilers, we utilize this feature. | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …e/hpx/execution/executors/execution_parameters_fwd.hpp | 519 | /// \param num_cores [in] The overall number of cores to utilize | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | …rt/include/hpx/iterator_support/traits/is_iterator.hpp | 132 | // robust concept checking). Here we provide a specialization to capture | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | libs/core/async_base/include/hpx/async_base/post.hpp | 27 | /// Essentially, the post function enables the launch of a new thread | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MEDIUM | tools/hpx-top.py | 26 | print("Error: 'rich' library is required for hpx-top.") | CODE |
| LOW | tools/hpx-top.py | 140 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| LOW | tools/gdb/hpx.py | 245 | except Exception: | CODE |
| MEDIUM | tools/gdb/hpx.py | 381 | print("Error: You need to supply at least one argument. See help hpx thread") | CODE |
| LOW | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/log.py | 50 | except Exception: | CODE |
| MEDIUM | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/log.py | 47 | def exception_logging(): | CODE |
| LOW | .github/ci-scripts/generate_test_matrix.py | 99 | except Exception as e: | CODE |
| MEDIUM | .github/ci-scripts/generate_test_matrix.py | 100 | print(f"Error: {e}", file=sys.stderr) | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | conanfile.py | 135 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/hpx-top.py | 47 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/hpx_stat_viewer.py | 124 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/gdb/hpx.py | 276 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/plot.py | 124 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/plot.py | 222 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 80 | CODE | |
| LOW | tests/performance/network/network_storage/plot_utils.py | 287 | CODE | |
| LOW | .github/ci-scripts/generate_test_matrix.py | 14 | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIGH | tools/inspect/ascii_check.cpp | 25 | // I have added '@', '^', and '`' to the "legal" chars because they are commonly | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIGH | tools/perftests_ci/pyutils/env.py | 27 | ['bash', '-l', '-c', f'set -e && source {envfile} && env -0'], | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | …ore/compute_local/include/hpx/compute_local/vector.hpp | 407 | // TODO: implement this | COMMENT |
| LOW | …ore/compute_local/include/hpx/compute_local/vector.hpp | 420 | // TODO: implement this | COMMENT |
| LOW | …tion_base/include/hpx/execution_base/resource_base.hpp | 15 | /// TODO: implement, this is currently just a dummy | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | libs/core/threading/tests/unit/condition_variable2.cpp | 499 | // don't forget to initialize with {} here !!! | COMMENT |
| MEDIUM | examples/quickstart/component_with_custom_heap.cpp | 408 | // Just for demonstration purposes we now access the components directly | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tools/gdb/hpx.py | 12 | CODE | |
| LOW | tools/gdb/hpx.py | 12 | CODE | |
| LOW | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 12 | CODE | |
| LOW | …ts/performance/network/network_storage/plot-results.py | 13 | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tools/check_module_cmakelists.sh | 30 | # Check if the dependency is inside the CMakeLists.txt | COMMENT |
| LOW | tools/check_module_cmakelists.sh | 37 | # Check if the name is not the current module and check if it is | COMMENT |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/plot.py | 172 | def _add_explanation_of_symbols(report): | CODE |
| LOW | tools/perftests_ci/perftest/plot.py | 385 | def _add_executor_comparison_plots(report, data): | CODE |
| Severity | File | Line | Snippet | Context |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LOW | …x/type_support/uninitialized_relocation_primitives.hpp | 67 | // If memcpy is not possible, we need to check if the move | COMMENT |