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Repository Analysis

TheAlgorithms/Java

All Algorithms implemented in Java

4.3 Likely human-written View on GitHub

Analysis Overview

This report presents the forensic synthetic code analysis of TheAlgorithms/Java, a Java project with 66,008 GitHub stars. SynthScan v2.0 examined 141,226 lines of code across 1606 source files, recording 70 pattern matches distributed across 5 syntactic categories. The overall adjusted score of 4.3 places this repository in the Likely human-written band.

The scanner applied 160+ deterministic lexical heuristics, multi-line block detectors, abstract syntax tree depth profilers, and a cross-file Jaccard similarity matrix to construct a statistically normalised synthetic code estimate. All matches are individually weighted by severity coefficient and contextual multiplier before summation, and the resulting headline score is temporally discounted to account for the repository's development history relative to the commercial emergence of large language model coding tooling (November 2022 onward).

4.3
Adjusted Score
4.3
Raw Score
100%
Time Factor
2026-07-13
Last Push
66.0K
Stars
Java
Language
141.2K
Lines of Code
1.6K
Files
70
Pattern Hits
2026-07-14
Scan Date
0.03
HC Hit Rate

What These Metrics Mean

Adjusted Score
Primary synthetic code indicator. Raw score normalised per 1,000 lines of code and multiplied by the temporal discount factor. This is the definitive comparative metric — use it to rank repositories by AI authorship density.
Raw Score
The unmodified sum of all severity-weighted, context-multiplied pattern match scores before temporal discounting. Reflects the absolute signal strength independent of when the repository was last active.
Time Factor
The temporal discount multiplier (0–100%) applied to the raw score. Repositories last updated before ChatGPT's launch (Nov 2022) receive a 5% factor. Full signal is only assigned to repositories active in the post-adoption era (Jan 2024+).
Pattern Hits
Total count of individual pattern matches across all files and categories. A high hit count with a low score may indicate a very large codebase with isolated AI snippets; a low count with a high score indicates dense, concentrated AI signatures.
HC Hit Rate
High+Critical pattern hits per file, averaged across the repository. This orthogonal signal catches repositories where a few files are densely packed with high-severity AI tells — a strong indicator even when the normalised score appears moderate due to codebase size.
Lines of Code / Files
Total lines and files analysed. The scanner examines 94 file extensions. These denominators are used to normalise the score, enabling fair comparison between repositories of vastly different sizes.

Score History

This chart maps the temporal evolution of the adjusted synthetic code score across successive scan runs. An upward trajectory indicates ongoing incorporation of AI-generated code or expanding LLM-assisted scaffolding; a stable or declining trajectory may reflect active human refactoring, code removal, or the adoption of stricter authorship policies. The dashed secondary line (right axis) independently tracks total raw pattern hit count, which can diverge from the normalised score when codebase size changes significantly between scans.

Severity Breakdown

Classifies detected patterns by their diagnostic confidence and structural impact. CRITICAL patterns (coefficient 10) represent definitive synthetic signatures — hallucinated imports, explicit LLM attribution metadata — virtually never produced by human authors. HIGH (5) indicates strong structural tells such as cross-file repetition or cross-linguistic idioms. MEDIUM (2) covers recognisable conversational padding and AI-specific vocabulary. LOW (1) captures subtle indicators like tautological comments and generic boilerplate that require density to carry independent signal.

CRITICAL 48HIGH 0MEDIUM 0LOW 22

Directory Score Breakdown

This horizontal bar chart decomposes the repository's raw synthetic code score by top-level directory, allowing you to pinpoint precisely which modules or components carry the highest AI authorship density. Directories with disproportionately high scores relative to their size warrant targeted manual review: concentrated AI signatures often trace back to mass-generated configuration layers, auto-ported test suites, LLM-scaffolded boilerplate classes, or entire subsystems authored under heavy copilot assistance. Use this view to prioritise your human code-review effort.

Pattern Findings

The scanner identified 70 distinct pattern matches across 5 syntactic categories. Each entry below represents a discrete location in the source code where the engine recorded a statistically significant AI authorship indicator. Expand any category row to inspect the individual file paths, line numbers, code snippets, and the lexical context (CODE, COMMENT, or STRING) in which each match was detected.

Reading the findings table: The Severity column indicates the diagnostic confidence level (CRITICAL / HIGH / MEDIUM / LOW). The Context column identifies whether the match occurred inside executable code, an inline comment, or a string literal — comment-context matches receive a ×1.5 weight because LLMs systematically over-annotate. The ⚡ bolt icon marks clustered matches: three or more patterns within a 10-line window, each receiving an additional ×1.5 density multiplier as dense clusters constitute far stronger evidence of synthetic authorship than isolated hits.

Hallucination Indicators48 hits · 565 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
CRITICAL…a/com/thealgorithms/conversions/TimeConverterTest.java58 return Stream.of(org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.Arguments.of(1.0, "hours", "minutes"), org.junit.jupiter.paraCODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java70 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new CircularBuffer<>(0));CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java71 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> new CircularBuffer<>(-1));CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java74 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> buffer.put(null));CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java127 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.isFull());CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java130 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.isEmpty());CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java131 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.isFull());CODE
CRITICAL⚡…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java137 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.isFull());CODE
CRITICAL…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java160 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> buffer.put(null), "IteraCODE
CRITICAL…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java190 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.put("two")); // not emptyCODE
CRITICAL…orithms/datastructures/buffers/CircularBufferTest.java191 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(buffer.put("three")); // overwriteCODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java72 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(stack.isEmpty(), "Stack should not be empty after a push operation.CODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java99 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull(stringStack.pop(), "Should pop null value");CODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java101 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull(stringStack.pop(), "Should pop null value");CODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java134 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(intStack.isEmpty(), "Peek should not make stack empty");CODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java216 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(intStack.isEmpty());CODE
CRITICAL…thealgorithms/datastructures/stacks/NodeStackTest.java226 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse(intStack.isEmpty(), "Stack with one element should not be empty");CODE
CRITICAL…ithms/datastructures/stacks/StackOfLinkedListTest.java44 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, () -> stack.pop(), "Popping from an CODE
CRITICAL…ithms/datastructures/stacks/StackOfLinkedListTest.java49 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, () -> stack.peek(), "Peeking into anCODE
CRITICAL…m/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SkipListTest.java83 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals(new String[] {"a", "b", "c", "d"}, actualOrder);CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java53 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty());CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java73 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, deque::pollFirst);CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java79 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, deque::pollLast);CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java100 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty());CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java122 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty());CODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java159 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty(), "Deque should be empty after polling single elementCODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java168 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty(), "Deque should be empty after polling single elementCODE
CRITICAL…com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java195 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue(deque.isEmpty(), "Deque should be empty after symmetric operations")CODE
CRITICAL⚡…lgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueueTest.java71 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, cq::peek);CODE
CRITICAL⚡…lgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueueTest.java80 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, () -> cq.enQueue(3));CODE
CRITICAL⚡…lgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueueTest.java86 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, cq::deQueue);CODE
CRITICAL⚡…lgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueueTest.java92 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalStateException.class, cq::peek);CODE
CRITICAL⚡…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java58 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, () -> queue.dequeue(), "Dequeueing fCODE
CRITICAL⚡…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java63 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, () -> queue.peekFront(), "Peeking frCODE
CRITICAL⚡…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java68 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, () -> queue.peekRear(), "Peeking reaCODE
CRITICAL…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java110 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> queue.peek(4), "Peeking at CODE
CRITICAL…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java111 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> queue.peek(0), "Peeking at CODE
CRITICAL…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java137 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, it::next, "Calling next() on exhaustCODE
CRITICAL…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java200 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> queue.enqueue(null), "CannotCODE
CRITICAL…ealgorithms/datastructures/queues/LinkedQueueTest.java207 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NoSuchElementException.class, it::next, "Calling next() on empty qCODE
CRITICAL…java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/bag/BagTest.java102 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.fail("Iterator returned item for an empty bag:" + item);CODE
CRITICAL…java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/bag/BagTest.java222 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull(first1, "First iterator should return non-null element");CODE
CRITICAL…java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/bag/BagTest.java223 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull(first2, "Second iterator should return non-null element");CODE
CRITICAL⚡…/com/thealgorithms/others/QueueUsingTwoStacksTest.java86 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(EmptyStackException.class, queue::remove, "Removing from an empty CODE
CRITICAL⚡…/com/thealgorithms/others/QueueUsingTwoStacksTest.java91 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(EmptyStackException.class, queue::peekFront, "Peeking front from aCODE
CRITICAL⚡…/com/thealgorithms/others/QueueUsingTwoStacksTest.java96 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(EmptyStackException.class, queue::peekBack, "Peeking back from an CODE
CRITICAL…java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SortingAlgorithmTest.java279 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> getSortAlgorithm().sort(array));CODE
CRITICAL…java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/SortingAlgorithmTest.java285 org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> getSortAlgorithm().sort(list));CODE
Verbosity Indicators8 hits · 18 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java161 // Step 1: Perform DFS to get topological orderCOMMENT
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java171 // Step 2: Find SCCs on transposed graphCOMMENT
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java180 // Step 3: Check for contradictions and assign valuesCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java24 // Step 1: Generate random 0/1 vectorCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java30 // Step 2: Compute br = b × rCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java38 // Step 3: Compute a(br)COMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java46 // Step 4: Compute cr = c × rCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java54 // Step 5: Compare abr and crCOMMENT
Structural Annotation Overuse8 hits · 18 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java161 // Step 1: Perform DFS to get topological orderCOMMENT
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java171 // Step 2: Find SCCs on transposed graphCOMMENT
LOW⚡…va/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/TwoSat.java180 // Step 3: Check for contradictions and assign valuesCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java24 // Step 1: Generate random 0/1 vectorCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java30 // Step 2: Compute br = b × rCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java38 // Step 3: Compute a(br)COMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java46 // Step 4: Compute cr = c × rCOMMENT
LOW⚡…omized/RandomizedMatrixMultiplicationVerification.java54 // Step 5: Compare abr and crCOMMENT
Over-Commented Block4 hits · 4 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOW…ealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/BellmanFordTest.java21 // Create a simple graph with 5 vertices and 8 edgesCOMMENT
LOWsrc/test/java/com/thealgorithms/graph/EdmondsTest.java161COMMENT
LOW…in/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/StockSpanProblem.java41COMMENT
LOW…tructures/disjointsetunion/DisjointSetUnionBySize.java81// The size field tracks the number of elements in each set.COMMENT
Hyper-Verbose Identifiers2 hits · 2 pts
SeverityFileLineSnippetContext
LOW.github/workflows/scripts/check_structure.py5def _is_java_file_properly_located(java_file: pathlib.Path) -> bool:CODE
LOW.github/workflows/scripts/check_structure.py13def _find_misplaced_java_files() -> list[pathlib.Path]:CODE